EGO DEPLETION PATTERNS AND SELF-CONTROL FAILURE

自我损耗模式和自我控制失败

• 批准号: 2890933
• 负责人: Roy Frederick Baumeister
• 金额: $ 19.48万
• 依托单位: CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-05-01 至 2002-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2890933
• 关键词: behavior test; behavioral /social science research tag; choice; clinical research; decision making; ego /superego /id; fatigue; human subject; locus of control; motivation; overeating; self concept; success

The proposed studies are designed tovarify and build on preliminary evidence that all the self's acts of volition-choice, responsibility, initiative, self-regulation, controlled processing - draw on the same very limited resource, which is easily depleted by self-control or decision-making. Once depleted, this aspect of the self is then of ten unable or disinclined to cope with furthe demands or choices, and the results may include a passive reluctance to face up to decisions as well as broad failures of self-control. Passivity and self-control failure are central to many health and adjustment problems, including addiction, failure to take prescribed medication, procrastination, burnout, and binge eating. The first section of this proposal seeks to verify and extend preliminary evidence that self-control is a limited resources subject to depletion or fatigue. After people exert self-control, are they less able to control themselves in a second, seemingly unrelated sphere? Laboratory experiments will examine successive self-control exertions in unrelated spheres for evidence of fatigue or depletion. The second section moves from the relatively narrow focus on self-control to the broader concern with the self's choice-making activity in general. The key theoretical question is whether that limited resource used for self-control is the same resource or energy that the self uses for making all its decisions and choices, for initiating action, and for taking responsibility. If so, then that stock of energy is indeed one of the most central and important features of the self. The research plan is to show that active choice-making impairs subsequent self-control, and vice versa. The third section of the proposal addresses a key theoretical question surrounding this vital aspect of the self. Is the drop in self-control after an initial exertion due to a loss of motivation or of ability? Our model suggests that the self responds to depletion of its regulatory energy by trying to conserve what energy is left, even though it could make another exertion if necessary. Passivity and inaction may thus be strategic and even adaptive. The fourth section will explore several implications and applications of the depletion of self: vulnerability to loss of self-esteem from ego threat; prejudice; procrastination; and overeating.

拟议的研究旨在验证和建立在初步的 所有自我的意志行为--选择，责任， 主动性、自我调节、受控处理-借鉴 非常有限的资源，很容易被自我控制耗尽， 决策的 一旦耗尽，自我的这一面就会消失。 十个不能或不愿意科普进一步的要求或选择， 结果可能包括消极地不愿面对决定 以及广泛的自我控制失败。 被动和 自我控制失败是许多健康和适应问题核心 问题，包括成瘾，不服用处方药， 拖延、倦怠和暴饮暴食 本建议的第一部分旨在核实和扩大 初步证据表明，自我控制是一个有限的资源科目 耗尽或疲劳。 人们在自我控制之后， 一瞬间就无法控制自己，看似无关 球体？ 实验室实验将检验连续的自我控制 在不相关领域的努力，以证明疲劳或耗尽。 第二部分从相对狭窄的重点转移到 从自我控制到更广泛地关注自我的选择 一般的活动。 关键的理论问题是， 用于自我控制的有限资源是相同的资源或能量 自我用来做所有决定和选择， 发起行动，并承担责任。 如果是这样，那么， 能源储备确实是最核心和最重要的 自我的特征。 这项研究计划是为了证明， 做出选择会损害随后的自我控制，反之亦然。 建议的第三部分涉及一个关键的理论问题， 围绕着自我的这个重要方面的问题。 是下降在 由于失去动力而在最初用力后的自我控制 还是能力？ 我们的模型表明，自我会对 通过试图保存什么能量来耗尽其调节能量， 即使它可以在必要时再做一次努力。 因此，被动和不作为可能是战略性的，甚至是适应性的。 第四部分将探讨几个影响和应用 自我损耗的脆弱性： 自我威胁、偏见、拖延和暴饮暴食。