Crossing Over: New Narratives of Death

穿越：死亡的新叙事

• 批准号: AH/K00574X/1
• 负责人: David Kennedy
• 金额: $ 3.61万
• 依托单位: University of Hull
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2013 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FK00574X%2F1
• 关键词: Crossing; Over; New; Narratives; Death

'Crossing Over' seeks to establish a new interdisciplinary network of international experts from different fields of research on death and dying to work interactively and collaboratively on the theoretical and practical challenges posed by the changing face of contemporary death. Both death as a moment in time and dying as a process result in intersections of the theoretical and the social, the academic and the pragmatic, the arcane and the everyday - that is, intersections between spheres which might not usually interact. 'Crossing Over' exemplifies a belief that such complex matters can only be addressed by a wide and innovative exchange of ideas and practices.The network will consist of scholars from the humanities and social sciences. It will be directed from the University of Hull's newly-established, multi-disciplinary Centre for End of Life Studies but also includes a significant contribution from the University of Sheffield's multi-disciplinary Death Group (est. 2004) convened from the Department of English. A conference in Sheffield in 2015 will share the fruits of the network's research and will be open to a wide range of professionals as well as members of the public.'Crossing Over' will function through a combination of face-to-face events and on-line communication tools. Individual outputs from a range of disciplines and innovative research collaborations between, for example, a literary scholar and someone working in the hospice sector will not only produce an enhanced understanding of the challenges of contemporary death but will move towards new narratives of death in which a range of theorists and non-academic professionals can have a stake.Such a network is urgently needed in order to address changes in the cultural and social experience of death, in ideas about death, and in the management of death. The most obvious change is that sudden, early adult death is rare but long periods of frailty and disability prior to death are increasingly common. Where 'end of life' once referred to the moment of death, Age UK have recently suggested an expanded definition that means the last ten years of increased 80-plus lifespans. One can point to, for example, challenges to curative medicine materialised in the Hospice Movement; critiques of medicalised models of grief changing the way loss is understood; and the growth of virtual memorial sites. These shifts in 'ordinary' death have parallels in more radical activities such as the Right to Die movement. There is also a need to produce theoretical and practical models that will assist in the understanding of bereavement in response to what Margaret Holloway (2007) has termed 'the new death'. Examples would include deaths caused by natural disasters; the increase in deaths caused by alcohol or substance abuse; teenage suicide; and teenage gang-related deaths. These experiences are widely reported but little understood and go hand-in-hand with the fact that, as Christine Valentine (2008) notes, 'the dead retain a significant social presence in the lives of the living'.At the same time, our relationship with death has become increasingly paradoxical. Mourning is both a social process and something that is fundamentally private. As Meghan O'Rourke (2011) has observed, we live in 'a dysfunctional culture in which we avidly consume news of death on TV and duck away from it in real life.' The network will, therefore, focus on the following research areas: The meaning of 'the good death' in the 21st century.Changing narratives of death - literary, media and social - and the continuing social presence of the dead.New and emergent discourses of spirituality.The impact of 'the new death' on how we story the dead.Changing funeral and burial practices.

“跨越”旨在建立一个新的跨学科网络，由来自死亡和死亡研究不同领域的国际专家组成，就当代死亡不断变化的面貌所带来的理论和实践挑战进行互动和合作。无论是作为一个时刻的死亡，还是作为一个过程的死亡，都导致了理论与社会、学术与实用、《双城之战》与日常生活的交叉--也就是说，可能通常不会相互作用的领域之间的交叉。“跨越”体现了一种信念，即只有通过广泛而创新的思想和实践交流才能解决如此复杂的问题。该网络将由人文科学和社会科学的学者组成。它将直接从船体的新成立的大学，多学科中心的生命结束研究，但也包括一个显着的贡献，从谢菲尔德的多学科死亡组（est. 2004年，由英语系主办。2015年在谢菲尔德举行的一次会议将分享该网络的研究成果，并将向广泛的专业人士和公众开放。“跨越”将通过面对面的活动和在线交流工具相结合来发挥作用。来自一系列学科和创新研究合作的个人成果，例如，一个文学学者和临终关怀部门的工作人员不仅会加深对当代死亡挑战的理解，而且会走向新的死亡叙事，其中一系列的理论家和非学术专业人士可以有一个利害关系。这样一个网络是迫切需要的，以解决死亡的文化和社会经验的变化，对死亡的想法，并在死亡的管理。最明显的变化是，突然的、早期的成年人死亡很少见，但死亡前长时间的虚弱和残疾越来越常见。“生命的终结”曾经指的是死亡的那一刻，英国年龄最近提出了一个扩展的定义，意味着过去十年增加了80多岁的寿命。例如，人们可以指出，在临终关怀运动中对治疗性医学的挑战;对悲伤的医学化模型的批评改变了对损失的理解;以及虚拟纪念网站的增长。“普通”死亡的这些转变与更激进的活动，如死亡权利运动有相似之处。还有一个需要产生的理论和实践模式，将有助于在响应什么玛格丽特霍洛威（2007年）所称的“新的死亡”的丧亲之痛的理解。这方面的例子包括自然灾害造成的死亡;酗酒或滥用药物造成的死亡增加;青少年自杀;以及青少年与帮派有关的死亡。这些经历被广泛报道，但很少被理解，而且正如克莉丝汀·瓦伦丁（2008）指出的那样，“死者在生者的生活中保留了重要的社会存在”。与此同时，我们与死亡的关系变得越来越矛盾。社交既是一种社会过程，也是一种基本上属于私人的东西。正如Meghan O 'Rourke（2011）所观察到的，我们生活在一个“功能失调的文化中，我们贪婪地消费电视上的死亡新闻，并在真实的生活中避开它。“因此，该网络将专注于以下研究领域：”好的死亡“在21世纪世纪的意义;不断变化的死亡叙事--文学、媒体和社会--以及死者的持续社会存在;新的和新兴的灵性话语;”新的死亡“对我们如何讲述死者的影响;不断变化的葬礼和埋葬习俗。