Christian-Muslim Relations, a Bibliographical History 1800-1914 (CMR 1914)

关于基督徒和穆斯林之间关系的报道每天都会出现在新闻中，无论是所谓的伊斯兰国及其在北非和西非的分支对基督徒及其教堂施加的暴行，还是西方社会对穆斯林正在摧毁文化的抱怨。当他们提到对方时，两人经常使用不准确和夸张的语言，反映出从过去许多世纪继承下来的态度。基督教-穆斯林关系1800-1914(CMR 1914)是关于这些态度以及他们坚持和发展的方式。伊斯兰教和基督教之间的关系历史长达1400多年。信仰的追随者从一开始就生活在一起，有时彼此受益很大，比如在9世纪的巴格达，基督徒为穆斯林将作品从希腊语翻译成阿拉伯语，尽管他们更经常地相互诽谤和攻击，最戏剧性的是在12世纪和13世纪的十字军东征，以及16世纪和17世纪的奥斯曼帝国入侵欧洲，这被视为一种信仰对另一种信仰的攻击。CMR 1914既试图发现对方实际说了什么，也试图探索关于对方的普遍接受之处。这是早先AHRC资助的两个项目的延续，这两个项目追溯了从600到1500和1500到1800年间世界各地的历史，并将把故事向前推进到20世纪初。它包括四个要素。第一个是编纂一部详细的历史，记录1800-1914年间基督徒和穆斯林之间相互攻击和相互攻击的所有已知著作。在这部书目史中，五个国际小组，每个小组都专注于世界上一个主要地区，将把他们所在地区所写作品的记载汇集在一起，委托专家撰稿人就特定的作者及其作品撰写详细的分析条目。每个条目将包括关于作者的信息，他们的工作内容和它的意义，以及关于它的出版和写在上面的研究的全部细节。这样，每个条目都将给出一部作品的全面描述，而汇编成一部相互关联的历史将把每个条目放在更广泛的基督教-穆斯林关系的范围内。其结果将是一部多卷本的历史，史无前例地详细描述了1800年至1914年间基督教与穆斯林关系的发展。它将使读者能够接触到广泛的信息，而过去这些信息仅限于拥有必要语言技能的专家。第二个元素使用这部书目历史来追溯在对他人的描绘中已经被接受的主要形象和态度，摆脱旧的联系方式的令人头疼的努力。其中包括基督徒对穆罕默德的贬低和对穆斯林道德松懈的指责，以及穆斯林对基督教教义和经文的谴责。一组国际学者将被邀请利用600-1900年期间书目历史的条目来撰写关于基督教-穆斯林历史中可辨别的主题的论文。其结果将是一部关于基督徒和穆斯林从7世纪到20世纪所持形象和态度的主题史。第三个要素是从共同历史上最重要的作品中摘录插图的读者。这将包括摘录自目录史分析的主要著作的简短摘录，这些摘录是从所有时期和地理区域中挑选出来的，并按专题分组排列。它将使读者第一手了解他们的想法和所说的话。第四部分是通史，它简略地叙述了另外两部历史，并摘录自《读者》。这一项目将基础研究与非技术合成相结合，将该主题置于一个新的基础上，并提供了新的发展前景。

Reports about relations between Christians and Muslims appear in the news every day, whether atrocities inflicted on Christians and their churches by so-called Islamic State and their affiliates in North and West Africa, or complaints in Western societies that Muslims are destroying the culture. When they refer to each other, both often employ inaccurate and exaggerated language that reflects attitudes inherited from many centuries past. Christian-Muslim Relations 1800-1914 (CMR 1914) is about these attitudes and the ways in which they have persisted and developed. The history of relations between Islam and Christianity stretches over 1400 years. Followers of the faiths have lived together from the beginning and have sometimes benefited one another greatly, as in 9th century Baghdad where works were translated from Greek into Arabic by Christians for Muslims, though they have more often defamed and attacked one another, as most dramatically in the Crusades in the 12th and 13th centuries and in the Ottoman incursions into Europe in the 16th and 17th centuries, which were seen as representing attacks by one faith on the other. CMR 1914 seeks both to discover what was actually said and to explore what was popularly accepted about the other. It is a continuation of two earlier AHRC-funded projects that traced the history in all parts of the world from 600 to 1500 and 1500 to 1800, and will take the story forward to the beginning of the 20th century. It comprises four elements. The first is to compile a detailed history of all the known writings by Christians and Muslims about and against one another in the period 1800-1914. For this Bibliographical History, five international teams, each focusing on a major region of the world, will bring together accounts of the works written in their region, commissioning expert contributors to write detailed analytical entries on particular authors and their works. Each entry will include information about the author, the contents of their work and its significance, and full details about its publication and the studies written on it. In this way, each entry will give a comprehensive account of a work, and the compilation into a connected history will place each in the wider sweep of Christian-Muslim relations. The result will be a multi-volume history in unprecedented detail of the development of Christian-Muslim relations between 1800 and 1914. It will give readers access to a wide range of information that in the past has been restricted to specialists possessing the necessary language skills. The second element uses this Bibliographical History to trace the main images and attitudes that have become accepted in the portrayal of the other, bedevilling efforts to move away from old ways of relating. These include Christian disparagement of Muhammad and accusations of lax Muslim morality, and Muslim condemnations of Christian doctrine and scripture. A group of international scholars will be invited to draw on the entries from the bibliographical history of the 600-1900 period to write essays on the main themes discernible in Christian-Muslim history. The result will be a Thematic History of images and attitudes held by Christians and Muslims from the 7th to the 20th century. The third element is a Reader of illustrative excerpts from the most important works in the shared history. This will comprise short excerpts taken from the main works analysed in the Bibliographical History, selected from all periods and geographical regions and arranged in thematic groupings. It will enable readers to gain first-hand awareness of what was thought and said.The fourth element is a General History that offers a simplified account taken from the two other histories, illustrated with excerpts taken from the Reader.This project, combining basic research with non-technical syntheses, places the topic on a new footing and offers prospects for new development.