CONTROL OF PLASMA VOLUME AND EXTRACELLULAR FLUID VOLUME

血浆量和细胞外液量的控制

• 批准号: 3073684
• 负责人: ROY D MANNING
• 金额: $ 5.06万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MISSISSIPPI MED CTR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1983
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1983-07-01 至 1988-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3073684
• 关键词: angiotensin II; blood proteins; blood volume; body fluid osmolarity; catecholamines; congestive heart failure; electrolyte balance; extracellular; hemorrhagic shock; hydrostatic pressure; hyperproteinemia; hypertension; hypoproteinemia; kidney circulation; vasopressins

My ultimate objective is to develop a quantitative systems analysis of not only the short-term but also the long-term physiological mechanisms that control plasma volume and extracellular fluid volume. Understanding the regulation of these demands a knowledge of the factors that control the partition of fluid between the vascular compartment and the interstitium, which in turn, requires an understanding of how these factors affect the balance of Starling forces across the capillary membrane. The four Starling forces are 1) capillary hydrostatic pressure, 2) interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure, 3) plasma colloid osmotic pressure, and 4) interstitial fluid colloid osmotic pressure. My chronic studies have shown that either moderate decreases or increases in plasma protein concentration cause no measurable change in plasma volume, but the reasons for these surprising results are not yet known. Therefore, I plan to measure each of the Starling forces as well as the plasma concentrations of catecholamines, angiotensin II (AII), and antidiuretic hormone (ADH) in long-term experiments on both hypoproteinemia and hyperproteinemia. In particular, the contributions to the maintenance of plasma volume during changes in plasma protein concentration by the following two mechanisms will be determined: 1) changes in interstitial fluid colloid osmotic pressure and 2) alteration in capillary hydrostatic pressure due to changes in the plasma concentrations of catecholamines, AII, and ADH. Another factor that also can affect the extracellular distribution of protein and fluids is the capillary permeability to protein. I will therefore determine the separate effects of plasma protein concentration and AII on capillary permeability. Yet another major factor contributing to the regulation of extracellular fluid volume is the renal excretion of sodium and water. My studies have shown a significant effect of hypoproteinemia on renal function; therefore, I will also study the chronic effects of hyperproteinemia on renal hemodynamics, sodium and water balance, hormonal changes, and the relationship between arterial pressure and renal sodium and water output. Altogether, these studies will describe the roles of the systemic circulation, micro-circulation, and interstitium in extracellular fluid volume regulation. Therefore, our understanding of pathological states such as hypertension, shock, edema, congestive heart failure, nephrosis, Kwashiorkor, and cirrhosis of the liver will be markedly enhanced.

我的最终目标是开发一个定量的系统分析笔记 不仅是短期的，而且还有长期的生理机制， 控制血浆量和胞外液量。了解 对这些问题的监管需要了解控制经济增长的因素 在血管间室和间质之间的液体分配， 这反过来又需要了解这些因素如何影响 毛细管膜上的Starling力的平衡。四个 启动压力为1)毛细血管静水压力，2)间质压力 流体静压，3)血浆胶体渗透压，4) 间质液体胶体渗透压。我的慢性研究表明 血浆蛋白浓度的适度降低或升高 导致血浆体积没有明显变化，但导致这些变化的原因 令人惊讶的结果还不得而知。因此，我计划测量每一个 Starling的力量以及血浆中儿茶酚胺的浓度， 血管紧张素II和抗利尿激素长期应用 低蛋白血症和高蛋白血症的实验。特别是， 在变化过程中对维持血浆容量的贡献 血浆蛋白浓度将通过以下两种机制实现 测定：1)间质液体胶体渗透压和 2)毛细管静水压力的变化 血浆儿茶酚胺、AII和ADH浓度。另一个因素是 还可以影响细胞外蛋白质和液体的分布的是 毛细血管对蛋白质的通透性。因此，我将决定单独的 血浆蛋白浓度和AII对毛细血管通透性的影响。 细胞外调节的另一个主要因素 液体体积是肾脏钠和水的排泄量。我的研究已经 显示低蛋白血症对肾功能有显著影响；因此， 我还将研究高蛋白血症对肾脏的慢性影响 血流动力学、钠和水平衡、激素变化以及 动脉压与肾脏钠、水排出量的关系。 总而言之，这些研究将描述系统性的 细胞外液中的循环、微循环和间质 音量调节。因此，我们对病理状态的理解 如高血压、休克、水肿、充血性心力衰竭、肾病、 夸希霍尔科病和肝硬变会明显加强。