NORMAL AND ABNORMAL SPEECH PRODUCTION BIOMECHANICS

关于这方面的资料有限， 言语产生的生物力学 本申请中提出 有四项研究与言语产生生物力学有关， 其中两个涉及正常的言语产生， 言语产生 一项关于正常言语产生的研究是 关注年龄和性别对喉瓣膜的影响。 在 这项研究，喉瓣膜，通过测量确定， 喉气道阻力，将记录在健康男性 年龄从20岁到80岁的女性。 获得的数据 从这项研究将提供洞察正常机制， 提供一个正常的数据库， 有声音障碍的人。 另一项关于正常语言的研究 生产将检查咽喉的发展 功能 这将是一个纵向研究的主题， 性别，从出生后第1周开始，持续至受试者 达到3岁。 这项研究将提供生理 证据表明，在年龄的咽喉关闭发生， 口咽部言语产生和记录模式 在生命的前三年发挥作用。 此信息将 与理解正常机制以及提供 临床数据可以与之进行比较的标准。 之一 与异常言语产生相关的研究包括 记录个体言语呼吸的性质 以及腹部捆绑对脊髓损伤的影响 这些人的语言呼吸和语言。 本研究 代表了第一次正式尝试来检验 腹部捆绑一般，影响程度不同 尤其是桁架。 这项研究的结果将直接 对脊髓损伤患者的临床意义 由于呼吸器官受损的人 被其他神经紊乱所影响 另一项关于异常言语的研究 生产涉及检查的讲话呼吸的 帕金森氏症患者。 拟定的研究将 提供有关语音呼吸的详细信息， 这些人的呼吸功能。 本研究将 帕金森病对呼吸的影响 功能，包括语音呼吸功能，并可能建议 更好地评价和管理这种职能 帕金森氏症或其他运动功能减退症患者。

There is a limited amount of information available on the biomechanics of speech production. proposed in this application are four studies related to speech production biomechanics, two involving normal speech production and two involving abnormal speech production. One study of normal speech production is concerned with the effects of age and sex on laryngeal valving. In this study, laryngeal valving, as determined through measures of laryngeal airway resistance, will be documented in healthy men and women ranging in age from 20 to 80 years. The data obtained from this study will provide insight into normal mechanism and provide a normal data base against which to compare data from individuals with voice disorders. Another study of normal speech production will examine the development of velopharyngeal function. This will be a longitudinal study of subjects of both sexes, beginning at week 1 of life and continuing until the subject reaches 3 years of age. This study will provide physiologic evidence for the age at which velopharyngeal closure occurs for speech production and document patterns of velopharyngeal function during the first 3 years of life. This information will be relevant to understanding normal mechanism as well as providing a norm against which clinical data can be compared. One of the studies related to abnormal speech production involves documentation of the nature of speech breathing in individuals with spinal cord injury and of the effects of abdominal trussing on the speech breathing and speech of such individuals. This study represents the first formal attempt to examine the effects of abdominal trussing in general, and the effects of different degrees of trussing in particular. The results of this study will have direct clinical implications for individuals with spinal cord injury as well as individuals with impairments of the breathing apparatus caused by other neural disorders. Another study of abnormal speech production involves examination of the speech breathing of individuals with Parkinson's disease. The proposed study will provide detailed information regarding the speech breathing and general respiratory function of such individuals. This study will elucidate the influence of Parkinson's disease on breathing function, including speech breathing function, and may suggest better methods for evaluation and management of such function in clients with Parkinson's disease or other hypokinetic disorders.