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Alcohol, Race and Ethnicity: The United States, Mexico and the Wider World, 1845-1940

酒精、种族和民族：美国、墨西哥和更广阔的世界，1845 年至 1940 年

基本信息

批准号：
AH/S006605/1
负责人：
Deborah Toner
金额：
$ 24.46万
依托单位：
University of Leicester
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Fellowship
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2019 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FS006605%2F1
关键词：
Alcohol Race Ethnicity United States

项目摘要

Stereotypes about "national" or "ethnic" drinking styles can be harmful, both by shaping drinking behaviours and by fostering racial prejudice. Racial stereotypes have shaped alcohol regulation, marketing practices and harm-reduction policies in the United States and Mexico, and in other parts of the world, since at least the nineteenth century. Some continue to do so to this day, with serious consequences for public health and race relations.Understanding the history and development of these racial stereotypes is a critical step in reducing the harm that they do. This project examines how and why racial stereotypes about drinking developed in the United States and Mexico between 1845 and 1940, and how they interacted. Very little is known about the extent of dialogue between the multiple racial stereotypes about the drinking behaviours of different ethnic groups that formed in this time period. Nor do we know the extent and effects of transnational exchanges about alcohol and race.The period from 1845 to 1940 was marked by increasing intercultural contact and conflict between the US and Mexico, and by racial ideologies underpinning the formation of ideas of national identity in both countries. Analysing the commonalities and interaction of different stereotypes within and across borders can therefore reveal the relationship between the racial stereotypes about drinking, debates about the state of the nation, and the increasingly unequal power relations between the US and Mexico. To achieve this, the research analyses points of heightened international exchange: the Mexican American War (1846-48), international exhibitions (1876-1929), international alcohol conferences (1885-1939) and temperance tours (1891-1940). To systematically examine a range of popular and official perspectives on alcohol, it studies a diverse range of historical material, including diaries, correspondence, newspapers, military field orders, exhibition catalogues, prize lists and commentaries, conference proceedings, government education and development records, and the papers of international temperance organisations.This historical study of racial stereotypes in the US and Mexico will be disseminated as a book length monograph, journal articles and conference papers. It will also be the starting point for a collaborative investigation of the racialisation of drinking behaviours as a global phenomenon. I will convene two small workshops and a larger interdisciplinary conference to lead a collaborative research agenda on alcohol and race in a global context, resulting in the publication of an edited book. Throughout the project, blog posts and working papers will be published online, charting the development of the research, and publicised via social media. I convene a Drinking Studies Network, which issues a monthly newsletter with 275 academic and non-academic subscribers and has a twitter account with over 1,550 followers. This will ensure the project's ongoing research, events and outputs reach a wide audience. In turn, the fellowship will improve my capacity to lead the Network in new directions, consolidating its international reach and impact and providing a model for future collaborative research on a global scale.To disseminate how this research can help to improve contemporary approaches to reducing alcohol-related harm, I will work with the Director of Research and Policy at Alcohol Research UK/Alcohol Concern, the UK's most important charity working to reduce alcohol-related harm. The Director will participate in all the project's events, act as a mentor in successfully mobilising historical research to inform contemporary policy, and assist me in cementing working relationships with other organisations in the UK and beyond. To build capacity in this area, I will convene a further workshop that trains arts and humanities scholars to engage with organisations seeking to address problem drinking.

关于“民族”或“族裔”饮酒方式的陈规定型观念可能是有害的，既影响饮酒行为，也助长种族偏见。至少自世纪以来，种族陈规定型观念就影响了美国和墨西哥以及世界其他地区的酒类管理、营销做法和减少危害的政策。有些人至今仍在这样做，对公共卫生和种族关系造成严重后果，了解这些种族成见的历史和发展是减少其危害的关键一步。该项目研究了1845年至1940年间美国和墨西哥关于饮酒的种族刻板印象是如何以及为什么发展起来的，以及它们是如何相互作用的。人们对这一时期形成的关于不同族裔群体饮酒行为的多种种族陈规定型观念之间的对话程度知之甚少。我们也不知道关于酒精和种族的跨国交流的程度和影响，1845年至1940年期间，美国和墨西哥之间的跨文化接触和冲突不断增加，种族意识形态支撑着两国民族认同观念的形成。因此，分析不同刻板印象的共性和相互作用，可以揭示关于饮酒的种族刻板印象，关于国家状况的辩论以及美国和墨西哥之间日益不平等的权力关系之间的关系。为了实现这一目标，研究分析了加强国际交流的点：美墨战争（1846-48），国际展览（1876-1929），国际酒精会议（1885-1939）和禁酒图尔斯（1891-1940）。为了系统地研究一系列关于酒精的流行和官方观点，它研究了各种各样的历史材料，包括日记，信件，报纸，军事领域的命令，展览目录，奖品清单和评论，会议记录，政府教育和发展记录，以及国际戒酒组织的文件。这本关于美国和墨西哥种族刻板印象的历史研究将以一本书的篇幅传播专著、期刊文章和会议论文。这也将是一个合作调查饮酒行为种族化作为一个全球现象的起点。我将召集两个小型研讨会和一个更大的跨学科会议，领导一个关于全球范围内酒精和种族的合作研究议程，最终出版一本编辑过的书。在整个项目中，博客文章和工作论文将在线发布，绘制研究的发展，并通过社交媒体进行宣传。我召集了一个饮酒研究网络，该网络每月发布一份通讯，有275名学术和非学术订阅者，并有一个推特账户，有1 550多名追随者。这将确保该项目正在进行的研究、活动和产出能够广泛传播。反过来，奖学金将提高我的能力，带领网络在新的方向，巩固其国际影响力和影响力，并提供了一个模式，为未来的合作研究在全球范围内。为了传播这项研究如何可以帮助改善当代的方法，以减少酒精相关的伤害，我将与研究和政策主任在酒精研究英国/酒精关注，英国最重要的慈善机构，致力于减少酒精相关的伤害。主任将参加所有项目的活动，作为成功动员历史研究，以告知当代政策的导师，并协助我巩固与英国及其他组织的工作关系。为了建立这方面的能力，我将召集一个进一步的研讨会，培训艺术和人文学者与寻求解决饮酒问题的组织合作。