Networking activity for Enhanced Evacuation Drills (NEED)

疏散演练是对特定情况下的紧急疏散进行的预先计划的模拟，目的是改善有关人员和工作人员的表现。尽管演习受到安全立法和建筑法规的启发，但其优点仍未得到很好的理解，其对疏散性能的影响也没有得到很好的描述。然而，它们仍然被视为安全规划/建筑认证的关键组成部分。目前执行的疏散演习存在以下重大问题：1.疏散演习模型的有效性没有得到很好的理解。演习既给参与者带来了固有的风险，又带来了巨大的成本(就建筑功能的暂时丧失而言)。子群体经常被排除在演习之外(例如，有医疗问题的人，或关键任务工作人员)，这影响了培训和评估的潜力。但是，增强/虚拟现实、计算模拟、智能传感器、建筑智能和视频分析等新方法/技术的可用意味着，我们有一个前所未有的机会来改进我们计划、交付和分析疏散演习或补充活动的结果的方式。这使我们能够按照与循证医学研究实践相媲美的病例对照方法，将培训效益和演习效果评估分开。在此，我们探索新的技术、方法和视角，以(A)增强疏散演习(ED)的培训部分，(B)改进对其结果的分析和解释，以及(C)减少参与者的短期风险和行动中断。Need将建立一个由疏散动力学、消防安全、沉浸式技术、数据科学、人工智能和计算模拟专家组成的联盟，以专注于以下问题：1.当前ED的主要培训限制是什么？2.当前ED的主要评估限制是什么？3.这些限制在受ED影响的建筑物和人群中有何不同？4.演习培训和评估的替代方法是什么？5.确定的替代方法的主要好处是什么？如何量化？6.面临哪些挑战(监管、公众认知、技术、成本等)在采用这样的替代方案方面？7.下一步是什么，以确保通过英国和加拿大合作伙伴的合作进一步应对这些挑战？

An evacuation drill is a pre-planned simulation of an emergency evacuation for a specific scenario, with the aim of improving the performance of occupants and staff involved. Although drills are informed by safety legislation and building codes, their merits are still not well-understood, and their impact on evacuation performance not well-characterized. However, they are still seen as a key component of safety planning/building certification.There are significant issues with evacuation drills, as currently executed:1. The effectiveness of the evacuation drill model is not well understood.2. Drills carry both an inherent risk to participants, and a significant cost (in terms of temporary loss of building functionality).3. Sub-populations are often excluded from drills (e.g., those with medical issues, or mission-critical staff), which affect the potential for training and assessment.However, the availability of new approaches/technologies such as augmented/virtual reality, computational simulation, smart sensors, building intelligence and video analytics means that we have an unprecedented opportunity to enhance the way that we plan, deliver and analyze the results of evacuation drills or complementary activities. This allows us to disentangle the training benefits and assessment of drill effectiveness, following a case-control approach comparable to research practices in evidence-based medicine - pushing towards evidence-based evacuation drills.Here, we explore new technologies, methodologies and perspectives to (a) enhance the training component of evacuation drills (ED), (b) improve the analysis and interpretation of their results, and (c) reduce both short-term risk to participants and operational disruption. NEED will establish a consortium of experts in evacuation dynamics, fire safety, immersive tech, data science, artificial intelligence, and computational simulation, to focus on these questions:1. What are the main training limitations of current ED?2. What are the main assessment limitations of current ED?3. How do these limitations vary across the buildings and populations that are subject to ED?4. What are the alternative approaches for drill training and assessment?5. What are the major benefits of the alternative approaches identified? How can they be quantified?6. What are the challenges (regulatory, public perception, technical, cost etc.) in adopting such alternatives?7. What are the next steps for ensuring these challenges are further addressed through collaboration between UK and Canadian partners?