Spaces of Translation: European Magazine Cultures, c.1945-65

本项目将研究来自三个国家（英国、法国、德国）的重要文学和文化杂志的一小部分，以考虑从第二次世界大战结束到20世纪60年代中期，它们是如何通过翻译探索和构建欧洲身份概念的。非殖民化的快速转变、欧洲文化的美国化、反军国主义的兴起以及冷战引发的战略和意识形态冲突，都促使人们不断重新评估欧洲理念的意义，以及是否或如何实现这一理念。利用期刊作为“欧洲空间”的概念（Brolsma和Wijnterp， 2018），该项目解决了以下研究问题：在第二次世界大战后，英国、法国和德国的期刊文化如何利用翻译来重新配置欧洲的愿景？项目的核心是关注杂志翻译实践：在这个时期，我们语料库中的诗歌、小说、批评和非小说作品的翻译有什么意义？翻译文本是如何作为工具来锻造新的欧洲身份的？语言边界的跨越会产生跨国界的联盟吗？相反，在非翻译的实践中，我们是否看到了一种对民族语言和民族身份的新主张？这一时期的双语杂志（如《两座城市》、《亚当》、《门》、《Das Tor》）是将不同的民族文学聚集在一起，还是标志着它们继续分化？到目前为止，很少有研究考察文学和文化期刊如何作为知识分子的平台来促进他们对欧洲的看法，建立跨国网络，并在他们的文化承诺中积极地成为国际主义者，从而应对战后动荡的岁月。我们将举办一系列活动来探讨这些问题，包括研讨会、国际会议、面向公众的展览，以及一个网站，上面有所研究杂志的翻译材料。此外，我们还将出版一些文章和一本合编的论文集，以反映该项目的工作。

This project will study a small constellation of important literary and cultural magazines from three countries (Britain, France, Germany) in order to consider how, through translation, they explore and construct notions of European identity in the period following from the end of World War Two to the mid-1960s. Rapid shifts towards decolonisation, the Americanisation of European culture, the rise of anti-militarism and the strategic and ideological conflicts instigated by the Cold War all stimulated an ongoing reassessment of what the European idea stood for and whether or how it might be achieved. Using the notion of periodicals as 'European spaces' (Brolsma and Wijnterp, 2018) the project addresses the following research question: how does periodical culture in Britain, France, and Germany use translation to reconfigure a vision for Europe after the catastrophe of World War Two? At the heart of the project lies a focus on the practice of translation as carried out in the magazines under consideration: what is the significance of the translation of works of poetry, fiction, criticism, and non-fiction in our corpus in this period? How do translated texts operate as vehicles for the forging of new European identities? Does the crossing of linguistic boundaries produce alliances across national borders? Conversely, in the practice of non-translation do we see a new assertion of national languages and identities? Do bilingual magazines in this period (e.g. Two Cities, Adam, The Gate/Das Tor) work to bring diverse national literatures together, or mark their continued divergence?So far, little research has examined how literary and cultural journals responded to these turbulent post-war years by acting as a platform for intellectuals to promote their visions of Europe, forging transnational networks and being actively internationalist in their cultural commitments. We will mount a range of events to explore these questions, including workshops, an international conference, a public-facing exhibition, and a website with translated materials from the magazines studied. In addition we will also publish a number of articles and a co-edited book of essays to reflect the work of the project.