RESEARCH/TRAINING IN OCULAR MOTOR NEUROPHYSIOLOGY

眼运动神经生理学研究/培训

• 批准号: 3086781
• 负责人: HELEN BRONTE-STEWART
• 金额: $ 6.95万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1988
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1988-08-01 至 1993-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3086781
• 关键词: Macaca mulatta; brain stem; cerebellar Purkinje cell; cerebellum; electrophysiology; electrostimulus; eye movements; head movements; imagery; interneurons; motor neurons; neural plasticity; neurophysiology; reflex; retina; stimulus /response; synapses; vestibular apparatus; vestibuloocular reflex; visceral afferent nerve

We propose a program that includes both training and research for a Neurologies who has completed residency and whose career goals require training in basis research on motor systems. TRAINING will consist of a firm hands-on grounding in research on the ocular motor system as well as participation in the courses and functions of the Neuroscience Graduate Program at UCSF that are relevant for work on the central nervous system. It will encompass the relevant courses given at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratories, and selected short-courses at meetings such as the Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience. RESEARCH will involve studies of visually-guided motor learning (plasticity) in the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) of behaving monkeys. The VOR is a simple form of movement whose function is to ensure a stable retinal image during head rotations by generating compensatory eye movements. As an open-loop control system, it requires independent calibration. When the visual input associated with head movement is altered for example by magnifying or reducing spectacles, the VOR undergoes long-term adaptive changes, so as to reduce the degree of slip retinal images during head turns. The long-term goal of the research is to understand the neural basis for motor learning in the VOR. An understanding of this process in the VOR should provide insights into the learning of motor skills in general, and may be useful in designing therapies for adults who must relearn motor skills after strokes or other brain damage. The proposed experiments will evoke motor learning in the VOR AND look for changes in the responses of CNS neurons in VOR pathways to single-shock electrical stimuli applied to the vestibular apparatus. Neurons also will be categorized according to how they discharge during eye movement, and according to whether they are inhibited at monosynaptic latencies by single-shock electrical stimulation of the flocculus of the cerebellum. Attention will focus on 3 groups of cells: 1) interneurons in the disynaptic VOR pathways. 2) a separate group of cells that is inhibited from the flocculus and 3) purkinje cells in the flocculus. Conducting the same experiment on the same groups of cells before and after motor learning in the VOR will reveal specific neurons that show a change in the short-latency responses to single-shock electrical stimulation of the vestibular apparatus. Performing the experiment on several groups of cells should enable us to identify the site of motor learning the VOR.

我们提出了一个计划，包括培训和研究， 已完成住院医师培训且其职业目标 需要接受运动系统基础研究的培训。 培训将 包括一个坚实的实践基础，在研究的眼睛 运动系统以及参与课程和功能 加州大学旧金山分校的神经科学研究生课程， 作用于中枢神经系统 它将包括相关的 课程在冷泉港实验室，并选择 在会议上的短期课程，如社会年会 神经科学 研究将涉及视觉引导运动学习的研究 （可塑性）在前庭眼反射（VOR）行为 猴子 VOR是一种简单的运动形式，其功能是 为了在头部旋转期间确保稳定的视网膜图像， 产生补偿性眼球运动。 作为开环控制 系统，它需要独立校准。 当视觉输入 与头部运动相关的改变例如通过放大 或减少眼镜，VOR经历长期适应性 改变，以减少滑动视网膜图像的程度， 头转过来。 这项研究的长期目标是了解 VOR运动学习的神经基础 的理解 这一过程中的VOR应该提供洞察力， 学习一般的运动技能，并可能有助于设计 中风后必须重新学习运动技能的成年人的治疗方法 或其他脑损伤 所提出的实验将唤起VOR中的运动学习， 寻找中枢神经系统神经元在VOR通路中反应的变化 施加到前庭的单次电击电刺激 设备. 神经元也将根据它们如何被分类， 在眼睛运动过程中的放电，并根据他们是否 单次电击在单突触潜伏期抑制 刺激小脑的小叶。 注意力将 主要研究3组细胞：1）VOR中的中间神经元 途径。2)一组单独的细胞， 3）小叶内的浦肯野细胞。 开展 同样的实验在相同的细胞组运动前后 在VOR中学习将揭示特定的神经元， 在单次电击的短潜伏期反应中， 前庭器官的刺激。 进行实验 几组细胞的信息应该能让我们确定 运动学习VOR。