Affective and Immaterial Labour in Latin(x) American Culture

拉丁美洲文化中的情感和非物质劳动

• 批准号: AH/V015834/1
• 负责人: Rachel Randall
• 金额: $ 23.51万
• 依托单位: University of Bristol
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Fellowship
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2022 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FV015834%2F1
• 关键词: Affective; Immaterial; Labour; Latin; American

This transnational study explores histories and representations of wet-nurses, migrant domestic workers and sex workers in Latin(x) American photography, film, literature and digital culture from the late nineteenth century to the present day. It explores the similarities and differences between these kinds of work by analysing them as forms of immaterial labour, which is work that creates immaterial products, including social relationships, emotional responses and bodily feelings -- also termed 'affects'. This project is the first to ask: what does an analysis of Latin(x) and Latin American cultural productions featuring these workers contribute to our understanding of the links between these forms of labour, and to a public appreciation of these kinds of work, which are often marginalised or denigrated. To answer this question, it responds to the following four interdisciplinary research questions:1) Which creative techniques do artists use to explore the challenges faced by Latin American and Latinx migrant workers employed in these forms of affective and immaterial labour? 2) How does an analysis of these creative works enable us to compare and contrast between different forms of affective and immaterial labour, such as wet-nursing, sex work and domestic work? 3) How can artistic depictions of affective and immaterial labour raise awareness of exploitative employment practices and contribute to a public understanding of the economic, social and cultural value of care work? 4) How can artists, academics and activists collaborate effectively and ethically with individuals involved in forms of affective and immaterial labour?It is the first study to trace the historical, geographical and thematic continuities (and differences) between artistic representations of archetypal forms of immaterial labour in Latin(x) American culture including wet-nursing, domestic work, migrant labour and sex work. The research comprises four strands, which analyse: (1) photographs and paintings of Afro-descendant and indigenous wet-nurses produced in Latin America in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries; (2) documentaries and a literary testimony that record the experiences of Latin American women working as live-in nannies and domestic workers in modern-day Europe; (3) several films, documentaries and a novel that portray the experiences of female sex workers from across Latin America from the 1940s until the present day; and (4) a film, documentary and digital artworks that explore the invisibility and immateriality experienced by Mexican and Central American migrant workers in the US. These research questions will be answered by the following six outputs:1. An open-access book that addresses the four research strands identified above and draws on my own analysis of the chosen primary texts, as well as on interviews with the artists who produced them. 2. A peer-reviewed journal article - authored by the PDRA - that analyses a series of photographs of Afro-descendant and indigenous wet-nurses taken between 1879 and 1913, which were found at an archive in Lima. 3. A video essay - made in collaboration with an experienced video artist - that explores and illustrates the connections between visual representations of Latin American wet-nurses, nannies and domestic workers from the late nineteenth century until the present day. This output will be submitted to a peer-reviewed open-access video essay journal.4. A policy advisory document that serves as a blueprint for effective, ethical forms of collaboration between academics, artists and activists and paid domestic and sex workers. This will represent the key output of an online workshop that unites these stakeholders.5. A series of public film screenings and expert Q&As on the theme of 'Labour in Latin American Film' held at Watershed cinema, Bristol (subject to Covid-19 regulations). 6. An online platform featuring blogs, photographs and the video essay.

这项跨国研究探讨了19世纪末至今拉丁(x)美国摄影、电影、文学和数字文化中奶妈、流动家庭佣工和性工作者的历史和表现。它通过分析这些工作作为非物质劳动的形式来探讨这些工作之间的异同，非物质劳动是创造非物质产品的工作，包括社会关系、情感反应和身体感受——也被称为“影响”。这个项目是第一个提出这样的问题：对以这些工人为特征的拉丁(x)和拉丁美洲文化作品的分析，对我们理解这些形式的劳动之间的联系有什么贡献？对公众对这些经常被边缘化或诋毁的工作的欣赏有什么贡献？为了回答这个问题，它回应了以下四个跨学科研究问题：1)艺术家使用哪些创造性技术来探索拉丁美洲和拉丁裔移民工人在这些形式的情感和非物质劳动中所面临的挑战？2)对这些创造性工作的分析如何使我们能够比较和对比不同形式的情感劳动和非物质劳动，如哺乳、性工作和家务劳动？3)对情感和非物质劳动的艺术描绘如何提高对剥削性就业做法的认识，并有助于公众了解护理工作的经济、社会和文化价值？4)艺术家、学者和活动家如何与参与情感劳动和非物质劳动的个人进行有效和合乎道德的合作？这是第一个追踪拉丁美洲文化中非物质劳动原型形式的艺术表现之间的历史、地理和主题连续性（和差异）的研究，包括哺乳、家务劳动、移民劳动和性工作。这项研究包括四个部分，分析：(1)19世纪末和20世纪初在拉丁美洲生产的非洲后裔和土著奶妈的照片和绘画；(2)记录拉丁美洲妇女在现代欧洲担任住家保姆和家庭佣工的经历的纪录片和文学见证；(3)几部电影、纪录片和一部小说，描绘了20世纪40年代至今拉丁美洲各地女性性工作者的经历；(4)一部电影、纪录片和数字艺术作品，探索墨西哥和中美洲移民工人在美国所经历的隐形和非物质性。这些研究问题将通过以下六个产出来回答：1。这是一本开放获取的书，阐述了上面确定的四个研究方向，并借鉴了我自己对选定的主要文本的分析，以及对制作这些文本的艺术家的采访。2. 一篇由PDRA撰写的同行评议期刊文章，分析了1879年至1913年间拍摄的一系列非洲后裔和土著奶妈的照片，这些照片在利马的一个档案馆中被发现。与一位经验丰富的视频艺术家合作制作的视频文章，探索并说明了从19世纪末至今拉丁美洲奶妈、保姆和家政工人的视觉表现之间的联系。该输出将提交给同行评审的开放获取视频论文期刊。一份政策咨询文件，为学者、艺术家和活动家与有偿家庭工作者和性工作者之间有效、合乎道德的合作形式提供了蓝图。这将代表将这些涉众联合起来的在线研讨会的关键产出。以“拉丁美洲电影中的劳动”为主题的一系列公共电影放映和专家问答活动在布里斯托尔的分水岭电影院举行（受Covid-19法规约束）。6. 一个以博客、照片和视频文章为特色的在线平台。