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Genocidal captivity: (Re)telling the stories of Armenian and Yezidi women survivors

种族灭绝囚禁：（重新）讲述亚美尼亚和雅兹迪女性幸存者的故事

基本信息

批准号：
AH/W005794/1
负责人：
Rebecca Jinks
金额：
$ 25.73万
依托单位：
Royal Holloway University of London
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Fellowship
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2022 至无数据
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FW005794%2F1
关键词：
Genocidal captivity Re telling stories

项目摘要

In 1915, during the Armenian genocide, thousands of women were 'absorbed' into Turkish, Kurdish and Arab households. Afterwards, some escaped or were rescued by aid organisations, and rejoined the Armenian community. Almost a century later in 2014, in neighbouring Iraq, thousands of Yezidi women were abducted by ISIS and held in sexual slavery. Some managed to escape, helped by rescue networks, and joined other Yezidi survivors in refugee camps.Reintegration was a fraught and often exclusionary process. With taboos over sexual and religious purity broken, those who returned from captivity were sometimes viewed as unable to truly return. The women's stories remained largely untold and unheard: instead they were converted into symbols of a martyred, victimised community, and a site for humanitarian intervention.Often, wittingly or unwittingly, NGOs reproduce these exclusionary frameworks, in both fundraising materials and aid practices. Scholarship, too, has struggled to depict the experience of such violence. I will collaborate with three Project Partners who are already challenging these problematic frameworks to address three key unanswered questions: 1) What were these women's experiences of captivity and reintegration, in all their uncomfortable complexity?2) How can academics, NGOs, and artists write and visualise these stories differently, to problematise and subvert our current understandings of and responses to this violence?3) How can NGOs learn from past experiences to better support reintegration and recovery after mass gendered violence?I will first travel to Iraq to interview Yezidi survivors, working with the charity Free Yezidi Foundation. In the US and Canada I will complete archival research on Armenian women and give talks to Armenian diaspora communities to assist me in gathering family stories of genocidal captivity. I will then focus on a comparative book. Extending and reorienting my previous work on Armenian women survivors, I take up a key challenge from the cognate field of Holocaust Studies: how to write violence? How to evoke the women's disorienting, jarring experiences of genocide, captivity, and reintegration? In the absence of testimony from the Armenian women themselves, I will read state, humanitarian, and other sources against the grain, and incorporate the family stories I have gathered. My interviews with Yezidi women will inform my thinking about Armenian women's experiences, and provide key primary material. I will develop my ideas on 'writing violence' further via two academic workshops with early-career peers, in which we collaboratively explore solutions to the difficulties of writing violence.The rest of the Fellowship is devoted to reimagining the public representation of these women's experiences, and influencing policy and scholarship. An exhibition at the Wiener Holocaust Library, developed in conjunction with Free Yezidi Foundation and the Armenian Institute, will tell the diverse captivity stories of ten Armenian and ten Yezidi women, exploring questions of voice, documentation, and representation. Accompanying the exhibition are two further interventions: a series of events enabling audiences to engage with these issues, and a NGO policy briefing, outlining the problems with current practices and offering alternatives. A journal article on 'genocidal captivity' will offer a new direction for studies of gender and genocide.This project dovetails with and develops the missions of each Project Partner. It will reshape the public understanding of genocide, and NGO practices. It will increase public and policymaker recognition of ISIS violence against the Yezidi, and will provide a proper historical articulation of hidden family stories for Armenian communities. The Fellowship will establish me as an emerging research leader in Genocide Studies, and will enable significant impact and knowledge exchange activities to reimagine the telling of genocidal captivity.

1915年，在亚美尼亚种族灭绝期间，成千上万的妇女被土耳其、库尔德和阿拉伯家庭“吸收”。后来，一些人逃脱或被援助组织救出，重新加入亚美尼亚社区。近一个世纪后的2014年，在邻国伊拉克，数千名雅兹迪妇女被ISIS绑架，沦为性奴隶。一些人在救援网络的帮助下成功逃脱，加入了难民营中其他雅兹迪幸存者的行列。重新融入社会是一个令人担忧的过程，往往是排斥的过程。随着有关性和宗教纯洁的禁忌被打破，那些从囚禁中返回的人有时被视为无法真正返回。这些妇女的故事在很大程度上不为人知、闻所未闻：相反，她们被转化为一个殉道者、受害者群体的象征，以及人道主义干预的场所。非政府组织经常有意无意地在筹款材料和援助实践中复制这些排他性框架。学术界也一直在努力描绘这种暴力的经历。我将与三个项目伙伴合作，他们已经在挑战这些问题框架，以解决三个关键的未解问题：1)这些妇女在囚禁和重返社会的经历是什么，在所有令人不安的复杂性中？2)学者、非政府组织和艺术家如何以不同的方式书写和可视化这些故事，以质疑和颠覆我们目前对这种暴力的理解和反应？3)非政府组织如何从过去的经验中学习，以更好地支持大规模性别暴力后的重返社会和康复？我将首先前往伊拉克，与慈善机构自由雅兹迪基金会合作，采访雅兹迪幸存者。在美国和加拿大，我将完成对亚美尼亚妇女的档案研究，并与亚美尼亚侨民社区进行会谈，以协助我收集种族灭绝囚禁的家庭故事。然后我会重点讲一本比较的书。延伸和重新定位我之前关于亚美尼亚妇女幸存者的工作，我接受了大屠杀研究同源领域的一个关键挑战：如何写暴力？如何唤起女性在种族灭绝、囚禁和重新融入社会中迷失方向、不和谐的经历？由于没有亚美尼亚妇女自己的证词，我将阅读国家、人道主义和其他反对粮食的来源，并纳入我收集的家庭故事。我对雅兹迪妇女的采访将让我了解亚美尼亚妇女的经历，并提供关键的原始材料。我将进一步发展我关于“写作暴力”的想法，通过两次与早期职业同行的学术研讨会，我们共同探索解决写作暴力困难的方法。奖学金的其余部分致力于重塑这些女性经历的公众形象，并影响政策和学术研究。由自由雅兹迪基金会和亚美尼亚研究所联合举办的维也纳大屠杀图书馆展览，将讲述10名亚美尼亚妇女和10名雅兹迪妇女被囚禁的不同故事，探讨声音、文献和代表性的问题。伴随展览的是两个进一步的干预：一系列让观众参与这些问题的活动，以及一个非政府组织的政策简报，概述当前实践中的问题并提供替代方案。一篇关于“种族灭绝囚禁”的期刊文章将为性别和种族灭绝的研究提供一个新的方向。该项目与每个项目合作伙伴的使命相吻合并发展。它将重塑公众对种族灭绝和非政府组织行为的理解。它将提高公众和政策制定者对ISIS对雅兹迪人的暴力行为的认识，并将为亚美尼亚社区隐藏的家庭故事提供适当的历史表述。该奖学金将使我成为种族灭绝研究领域的新兴研究领导者，并将使重大影响和知识交流活动能够重新想象种族灭绝囚禁的讲述。