Developing an inclusive research network to co-design livelihood recovery measures for internally displaced persons (IDPs) in Nigeria

在尼日利亚，引发冲突的因素是多方面的，往往是重叠的，并在脆弱的文化和制度构成的脆弱网络中滋生。这些冲突表现为牧民与农民之间的冲突；民族政治优势和部落之间的土地纠纷，例如Jukuns和tiv；基督教和伊斯兰教信仰的人之间争取政府和政治代表权的斗争；以及伊斯兰激进组织的活动。因此，尼日利亚有270多万国内流离失所者（IDMC， 2021年）。资源可得性和对国内流离失所者生计恢复需求了解不足进一步挑战了对国内流离失所者的管理。该项目旨在建立一个研究网络，以协同工作并回答一个首要问题：生计研究、参与式戏剧讲故事和风险管理的创新组合如何有助于尼日利亚境内流离失所者包容性地制定具有文化背景的生计恢复措施？该网络结合了一个跨学科的核心团队和AHRC职权范围内的演讲嘉宾。该网络将通过基于艺术的方法探索当地文化和社区，以提高对相互关联的冲突触发因素和与生计的交集的理解，以及这些因素如何在不同的时间和不同的背景下分层和发挥作用。该网络还试图探索利用参与性戏剧来激发社区对国内流离失所者困境的讨论，以及风险管理的概念如何有助于减轻在制定了解国内流离失所者文化的政府政策方面的脆弱性。该网络解决了以下交叉主题：(1)冲突，(2)贫困和不平等，(3)流离失所；并将促进以艺术为基础的方法的论述和应用，以实现可持续发展目标16和联合国国际和平与信任年的承诺。此外，开发计划署和联合国人权事务高级专员办事处（难民署）与尼日利亚政府合作，在尼日利亚东北部实施了一项联合保护和恢复战略。该网络非常适合这种情况，选择研究领域，即塔拉巴州（尼日利亚东北部的一个州，拥有最大的国内流离失所者之一）是及时的。塔拉巴州政府（TSG）对该项目的承诺也保证了合作和切实的成果。该网络共同开展了三项活动。第一项活动将安排核心团队每月举行会议，以促进经验交流。最后将举办一系列6场知识交流公共网络研讨会，讨论冲突的触发因素、对生计的影响以及表演艺术在揭示国内流离失所者困境方面的潜力。然后，我们将与塔拉巴州的国内流离失所者一起举办一系列讲习班，探讨参与性戏剧的潜力，使国内流离失所者的故事变得可见，并引发讨论。第三项活动将涉及在为期两天的研讨会上与主要利益攸关方共同制定具有文化背景的国内流离失所者生计恢复政策框架，并采用基于风险的方法与TSG探讨政策方法。该网络将建立以证据为基础的合作伙伴关系，以应用基于表演艺术的方法实现发展目标，包括提高对国内流离失所者困境的能见度，并促进共同制定生计恢复政策。通过联合国难民署和联合国开发计划署网络成员，我们还将探讨如何在西非/中非国家的其他情况下使用基于表演艺术的方法。

In Nigeria, conflict triggers are multi-faceted, often overlap, and foster within a weakened web of fragile cultures and institutions. These conflicts take the form of pastoralists' vs farmers' clashes; ethnopolitical superiority and land disputes between tribes, e.g., the Jukuns and the Tivs; struggle for governmental and political representation between people of Christian and Islamic faiths; and activities of militant Islamist groups. Consequently, there are over 2.7 million internally displaced persons (IDPs) in Nigeria (IDMC, 2021). The management of IDPs is further challenged by resource availability and the poor understanding of IDPs' livelihood recovery needs. This project seeks to develop a research network to work collaboratively and answer an overarching question: how can an innovative combination of livelihood studies, storytelling using participatory drama and risk management contribute to the inclusive development of culturally informed livelihood recovery measures for IDPs in Nigeria? The network combines an interdisciplinary core team and guest speakers within AHRC remit. The network will explore local cultures and communities through art-based methods to improve understanding of interconnecting conflict triggers and the intersection with livelihoods, and how these are layered and play out across time and in different contexts. The network also seeks to explore the use of participatory drama to provoke community-based discourse on the plight of IDPs, and how the concept of risk management can help mitigate vulnerabilities in the development of culturally-informed government policies on IDPs. The network addresses the cross-cutting themes of (1) conflict, (2) poverty and inequalities, and (3) displacement; and will contribute to the discourse and application of arts-based methods for the attainment of SDG 16 and the UN International Year of Peace and Trust commitments. Furthermore, the UNDP and UN High Commissioner for Human Rights (UNHCR) have collaborated with the Nigerian Government to implement a joint protection and recovery strategy for North-East Nigeria. The network is well suited to this context and the choice of study domain, i.e., Taraba State (being a North-East state in Nigeria with one of the largest IDPs) is timely. The commitment of the Taraba State Government (TSG) to this project also promises collaborative and tangible outcomes.Three activities were, co-developed by the network. For the first activity, monthly meetings between the core team will be organised to facilitate exchange of experiences. This will culminate into a series of 6 knowledge exchange public webinars, discussing triggers of conflict, the impact on livelihoods and the potentials of the performing arts to make visible the plights of IDPs. We will then run a series of workshops with IDPs in Taraba State which will explore the potentials of participatory drama to make visible the stories of IDPs and provoke discourse. The third activity will involve the co-development of a culturally informed IDPs' livelihood recovery policy framework with key stakeholders in a two-day workshop and using a risk-based approach to explore policy approaches with the TSG.The network will produce evidence-based collaborative partnership for the application of performing arts-based methods in the attainment of developmental goals, including improving visibility to the IDP plights and facilitating the co-design of livelihoods recovery policies. Using the UNHCR and UNDP members of the network, we will also explore how the performing arts-based approach can be used in other contexts in West/Central African countries.