Internal trafficking and exploitation of children and young people with special educational needs and disabilities (SEND) within England and Wales.

有特殊教育需要和残疾的儿童和青年面临着更大的现代奴隶制风险。这项研究将提供高质量的证据，以弥补在保障政策和指导以及更广泛的国内和国际法律框架方面的差距，这些框架不足以支持识别这一群体。此外，目前的政策和指导没有为多机构规划和儿童保护对策提供适当的机制。2015年《现代奴隶法》[MSA]涵盖了两项刑事犯罪：贩运人口和剥削。国内贩运(在英国境内)在英国每年关于人口贩运的国家统计数据中占很大一部分，而且还在不断增加，特别是由于对儿童的犯罪剥削增加。患有SAND的儿童和年轻人不仅在孩提时代就有脆弱性，而且由于残疾和问题，包括高度的学校排斥、欺凌和社会孤立，他们还具有额外的脆弱性。多机构服务机构往往不能很好地理解这些增加的风险和脆弱性，因为它们很少接受保护残疾儿童和青年的培训。因此，MSA下的回应和要求很少认识到这些额外的漏洞和风险，满足这一群体的需求，也没有提供适当的政策和实践回应。这些机构往往看不到这群儿童，贩运/伤害的迹象和指标可能会被遗漏或错误地归因于损害。这种复杂性往往意味着，这一群体在服务或服务提供之间存在差距--很少收到针对个人和具体需求量身定做的整体回应。通过与多机构、家庭/照顾者以及经历过贩运和/或剥削的残疾儿童和青年建立伙伴关系和接触，本研究将：1)找出相关法律、政策、指导和证据方面的差距，以支持更好地保护英格兰和威尔士有残疾残疾儿童和青年，这些儿童和青年经历过根据《现代奴隶法》(2015)确定的国内贩运和伤害形式。2)从从业者和父母/照顾者以及儿童/青少年的角度审查实践反应，以更好地确定可疑或已知的被贩运和剥削儿童的风险、指标和应对措施。3)与战略和前线多机构从业人员协商，以更好地了解阻碍改进政策和做法的障碍和促进者。4)制定具体的产出和法律、政策和做法建议，以支持为这一群体改进指导和政策制定，以满足他们的具体需求，并提出建议，以支持改进政策和做法的对策。我们致力于确保将我们的研究成果有效地传达给不同的受众，以便分享学习成果，并改进儿童保护对策。我们将通过我们跨越多个机构以及在地方和国家政府内部的广泛网络来做到这一点。我们将向实践界、政策界和学术界以及普通公众介绍活动。我们将使用各种形式与不同的受众进行沟通，如简短的简报、博客、播客和录制的网络研讨会。该项目解决了一个长期存在的问题，即改善对处于较高受剥削和其他形式伤害风险的儿童和青年群体的保护。

Children and young people with special educational needs and disabilities (SEND) face increased risks of Modern Slavery. This study will provide quality evidence to address gaps in safeguarding policy and guidance, and wider domestic and international legal frameworks, which do not adequately support the identification of this group. Furthermore, current policy and guidance does not provide appropriate mechanisms for multi-agency planning and child protection responses. The Modern Slavery Act 2015 [MSA] covers two criminal offences of 'human trafficking' and 'exploitation'. Internal trafficking (within UK borders) comprises a significant and increasing portion of UK national statistics on human trafficking in the UK each year, particularly due to an increase in criminal exploitation of children. Children and young people with SEND not only have vulnerabilities as children, but they also have additional vulnerabilities due to impairments and issues including high levels of school exclusion, bullying and social isolation. These increased risks and vulnerabilities are often not well understood by multi-agency services who rarely receive training in protection of disabled children and young people. Thus, responses and requirements under the MSA rarely recognises these additional vulnerabilities and risks, addresses this group's needs, nor provides appropriate policy and practice responses. This group of children are often invisible to agencies, and signs and indicators of trafficking/harm can be missed or misattributed to an impairment. Such complexity often means that this group fall though gaps in services or between service provision - rarely receiving a holistic response which is tailored to meet individual and specific needs. Through partnership and engagement with multi-agencies, families/care-givers and children and young people with SEND who have experienced trafficking and/or exploitation, this study will:1) Identify gaps in relevant law, policy, guidance and evidence to support the better protection of children and young people with SEND in England and Wales who have experienced internal trafficking and forms of harm as identified under the Modern Slavery Act (2015). 2) Examine practice responses from the perspectives of practitioners and parents/carers and children/young people to better identify the risks, indicators and responses in cases of suspected, or known, trafficked and exploited children with SEND. 3) Consult with strategic and frontline multi-agency practitioners to better understand barriers and facilitators to improved policy and practice.4) Develop specific outputs and legal, policy and practice recommendations that will support improved guidance and policy development for this group to meet their specific needs, and make recommendations to support improved policy and practice responses. We are committed to ensuring that our research findings are effectively communicated to diverse audiences so that learning can be shared, and child protection responses can be improved. We will do this through our extensive network across multi-agencies, and within local and national government. We will present at events targeted to the practice, policy and academic communities, and the general public. We will use a variety of formats to communicate with different audiences, such as short briefings, blogs, podcasts and recorded webinars. This project addresses a longstanding problem in improving the protection of a group of children and young people who are at a higher risk of exploitation and other forms of harm.