The Archaeologist's Guide To Good Practice - Handbook

考古学家良好实践指南 - 手册

• 批准号: AH/X006735/1
• 负责人: Keith May
• 金额: $ 10.23万
• 依托单位: Historic Bldgs & Mnts Commis for England
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FX006735%2F1
• 关键词: Archaeologist; Guide; Good; Practice; Handbook

Work on The Matrix project (AH/T002093/1) has identified a number of issues with the way archaeological information is deposited in digital archives. Consultation carried out during the Matrix project has delivered feedback that a collective approach to tackling these issues would be most effective in delivering a sustainable and FAIR outcome. The Matrix project has also established a current lack of the use of Data Management Plans (DMPs) by the commercial archaeological sector (and even largely by academics) and identified a need for a cross-sector set of common procedures to reflect and enshrine best practice in post-excavation analysis work e.g. a data package for stratigraphic and chronological data. Currently no single body has the resources and over-arching strategic position to investigate and address the digital archiving issues facing the different archaeological bodies undertaking development control archaeological work. The best placed body to represent the collective interests of the commercial archaeology sector is FAME, the Federation of Archaeological Managers and Employers.The aim of this project is to draw together the collective expertise of the main archaeological contractors in the UK and, in consultation with other stakeholders from the sector, undertake the necessary feasibility work and organize the required collaborative activities to develop a consortium approach and online tools and resources to support best working practice for this work. This feasibility study will include identifying the most appropriate business model to build a sustainable service that will meet the business needs of the large, medium and small-scale enterprises that undertake archaeological fieldwork as part of the development control process.Success in achieving the sustainability of the data will depend upon a collective agreement on the common processes and methodologies used during post-excavation activities. The Matrix project has used stratigraphic and chronometric data as a test case for adoption of FAIR principles in archaeological digital data management. Therefore, this project will also undertake work to draw up documentation in the form of a 'Code of Practice' for Stratigraphic and chronological methods and data, and make recommendations for how a Community of Practice can be sustained for maintaining associated best practice guidance, e-learning resources and online tools going forward. To make the use of the Code of Practice most widely applicable across archaeological fieldwork worldwide, part of this project work will also involve the drafting of an International Convention on archaeological stratigraphic and chronological methods and data.In the last 25 years the Heritage sector and others have concentrated on how the digital data created and stored on computers can be preserved to the same degree that physical archives being produced by UK fieldwork and deposited with UK museums, can be kept for the benefit of future generations. This interest in digital preservation is especially strong in the archaeological world where excavation data are being increasingly recorded using the latest computer technologies as "born digital" data i.e. data created on, and only preserved and useable on a computer. Archaeologists, are particularly concerned to ensure that digital records of excavations are safely digitally archived and preserved for future research, because an archaeological excavation cannot be repeated. This focus has helped address the principle concerns about "how do we keep this stuff digitally". But although there are now well-established digital archives, such as The Archaeology Data Service, their next challenge is whether the digital records from excavations, and all the additional work carried out during analysis and publication of sites to interpret and synthesise such data, are preserved and accessible in a way that data is most useful to others beyond the archives and the archivist.

《矩阵》项目 (AH/T002093/1) 的工作发现了考古信息在数字档案中存放方式的一些问题。 Matrix 项目期间进行的磋商提供了反馈意见，即解决这些问题的集体方法将最有效地实现可持续和公平的结果。矩阵项目还确定了目前商业考古部门（甚至主要是学术界）缺乏使用数据管理计划（DMP）的情况，并确定需要一套跨部门的通用程序来反映和体现挖掘后分析工作中的最佳实践，例如：地层和年代数据的数据包。目前，没有任何一个机构拥有资源​​和总体战略地位来调查和解决从事开发控制考古工作的不同考古机构所面临的数字归档问题。代表商业考古部门集体利益的最佳机构是 FAME（考古管理者和雇主联合会）。该项目的目的是汇集英国主要考古承包商的集体专业知识，并与该部门的其他利益相关者协商，开展必要的可行性工作并组织所需的协作活动，以开发联盟方法和在线工具和资源，以支持这项工作的最佳工作实践。这项可行性研究将包括确定最合适的商业模式来建立可持续的服务，以满足作为开发控制过程一部分进行考古实地工作的大、中、小型企业的业务需求。能否成功实现数据的可持续性将取决于就挖掘后活动中使用的通用流程和方法达成集体协议。 Matrix 项目使用地层和计时数据作为在考古数字数据管理中采用公平原则的测试用例。因此，该项目还将开展工作，以地层和年代方法和数据“实践守则”的形式起草文件，并就如何维持实践社区以维护相关的最佳实践指南、电子学习资源和在线工具提出建议。为了使《实践守则》在全球范围内的考古实地考察中得到最广泛的应用，该项目工作的一部分还将涉及起草一份关于考古地层和年代学方法及数据的国际公约。在过去 25 年里，遗产部门和其他部门一直致力于研究如何保存在计算机上创建和存储的数字数据，使其达到与英国实地考察产生并存放在英国博物馆的实物档案相同的程度。 造福子孙后代。在考古界，人们对数字保存的兴趣尤其强烈，考古界越来越多地使用最新的计算机技术将挖掘数据记录为“天生的数字”数据，即在计算机上创建、保存和使用的数据。考古学家特别关注确保挖掘的数字记录被安全地数字化存档和保存以供未来研究，因为考古挖掘无法重复。这一重点有助于解决“我们如何以数字方式保存这些东西”的主要问题。但是，尽管现在已经有了完善的数字档案馆，例如考古数据服务，但他们的下一个挑战是，发掘的数字记录以及在分析和发布遗址过程中为解释和综合此类数据而进行的所有额外工作是否得到保存和访问，使数据对档案馆和档案管理员之外的其他人最有用。