Digitizing Hatred: Examining and Enhancing Understanding of Digital Collections on the history of the Second Ku Klux Klan and its Opponents

仇恨数字化：检查并加强对有关第二个三K党及其反对者历史的数字收藏的理解

• 批准号: AH/X011976/1
• 负责人: Miguel Hernandez
• 金额: $ 16.56万
• 依托单位: Aberystwyth University
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Fellowship
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FX011976%2F1
• 关键词: Digitizing; Hatred; Examining; Enhancing; Understanding

The newspapers produced by the Second Ku Klux Klan (c.1915-1944) and its allies, as well as the publications produced by their opponents are a key source about the resurgence of organized white supremacy and nativism in the United States in the period following the First World War. Such newspapers are critical for understanding the rapid social and political developments of the 1920s and 1930s and how different communities fought to determine what it meant to be an American. Klan newspapers can tell us how this organization worked to convince millions of Americans to support their programme of white supremacy, militant Protestantism and patriotism. Meanwhile, their opponents sought through their own print media to expose the ideology of this resurgent movement and to warn their fellow citizens of the dangers of enabling an often violent and exclusionary expression of Americanism. A significant series of these publications has been compiled in the 'Documenting White Supremacy and its Opponents in the 1920s' (DWSO) digital collection created by Reveal Digital. This resource has unique potential to stimulate interdisciplinary research agendas and facilitate public interest in this uncomfortable area of American history. Yet the process of digitizing these materials so they can benefit users, and the controversial subject matter they contain, remains a significant challenge. This research project, 'Digitizing Hatred: Examining and Enhancing Understanding of Digital Collections on the history of the Second Ku Klux Klan and its Opponents', aims to analyse how academic and non-academic audiences interact and employ this digital collection in order to develop resources to aid their use of the platform. By examining the needs of different kinds users through workshops, this project will develop a set of resources to help users navigate the collection and to effectively employ them in their own research. While digitizing initiatives continue to become ever more popular to allow global audiences access to primary documents about the past, their use by inexperienced researchers can create issues when context on such sources and the processes of digitization are not readily available. This is especially the case with digital sources such as those produced by the Klan that set out to misdirect audiences and to recruit them to their racist political campaigns. As well as improving the DWSO collection's user experience and research potential, this project will provide a much-needed analysis and model of how to prudently and responsibly create digital collections related to 'difficult history,' an urgent area of research considering the increasing emphasis on digitization. This project's research will be presented in different formats to reach and impact academic scholars and the wider public, who will be able to employ the full DWSO collection after it planned Open-access release on JSTOR. The digital resources developed for the collection will benefit all users and aid them with understanding these sources. Outreach activities in the form of webinars and digital presentations on the progress of the project will clarify how the process of digitization and contextualization has shaped the collection. One or more peer-reviewed article will highlight this process and its challenges in research directed at academic audiences. An international symposium in 2024 on digitizing 'difficult histories' will provide opportunities for knowledge exchange and future collaboration between scholars. Finally, an edited collection arising from this symposium will facilitate the impact of this research and provide new insights for further study.

第二次三k党（1915-1944年）及其盟友出版的报纸，以及他们的对手出版的出版物，是第一次世界大战后有组织的白人至上主义和本土主义在美国复苏的重要来源。这类报纸对于理解20世纪20年代和30年代的快速社会和政治发展，以及不同社区如何为确定美国人的意义而斗争，至关重要。三k党报纸可以告诉我们，这个组织是如何说服数百万美国人支持他们的白人至上主义、激进的新教和爱国主义计划的。与此同时，他们的对手试图通过自己的印刷媒体揭露这一复兴运动的意识形态，并警告他们的同胞，让暴力和排他性的美国主义表达成为可能是危险的。这些出版物的重要系列被汇编在“记录20世纪20年代的白人至上主义及其反对者”（DWSO）数字合集中，该合集由Reveal digital创建。这一资源具有独特的潜力，可以刺激跨学科研究议程，促进公众对美国历史上这一令人不安的领域的兴趣。然而，将这些材料数字化，使其能够造福用户的过程，以及它们所包含的有争议的主题，仍然是一个重大的挑战。该研究项目名为“数字化仇恨：检查并加强对第二三k党及其对手历史的数字馆藏的理解”，旨在分析学术和非学术受众如何互动并使用这些数字馆藏，以开发资源来帮助他们使用该平台。本计划透过工作坊检视不同使用者的需求，将开发一套资源，帮助使用者浏览资料库，并有效地利用这些资料进行研究。虽然数字化倡议越来越受欢迎，使全球受众能够访问有关过去的原始文件，但当这些来源的背景和数字化过程不易获得时，缺乏经验的研究人员使用它们可能会产生问题。数字资源尤其如此，比如三k党制作的那些内容，旨在误导观众，招募他们参与种族主义政治运动。除了提高DWSO馆藏的用户体验和研究潜力外，该项目还将提供一个急需的分析和模型，说明如何谨慎和负责任地创建与“困难历史”相关的数字馆藏，考虑到数字化的日益重视，这是一个迫切的研究领域。该项目的研究将以不同的格式呈现，以接触和影响学术学者和更广泛的公众，他们将能够在计划在JSTOR上开放获取发布后使用完整的DWSO集合。为馆藏开发的数字资源将使所有用户受益，并帮助他们理解这些资源。有关项目进展的网络研讨会和数字演示形式的外展活动将阐明数字化和情境化的过程如何塑造了这些藏品。一篇或多篇同行评议的文章将突出这一过程及其在针对学术受众的研究中的挑战。2024年关于数字化“困难历史”的国际研讨会将为学者之间的知识交流和未来合作提供机会。最后，本次研讨会产生的编辑集将促进本研究的影响，并为进一步研究提供新的见解。