Boundary Vector Cells (BVCs): a novel type of fundamental spatial cell in the hippocampal formation
边界向量细胞(BVC):海马结构中一种新型的基本空间细胞
基本信息
- 批准号:BB/G01342X/2
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 11.28万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:英国
- 项目类别:Research Grant
- 财政年份:2011
- 资助国家:英国
- 起止时间:2011 至 无数据
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
This research investigates a new type of spatial cell, which is likely a crucial building block of our spatial knowledge. Acquiring and using spatial knowledge appropriately is a crucial feature of most animal and human behaviour, without which survival is tenuous. The proposed research looks particularly at the representation of large-scale space, such as would help you to locate yourself or an object in a room, or navigate your way through an office building or town. Different types of spatial cell in a region of the brain called the hippocampal formation provide the basic building blocks of our large-scale spatial knowledge. One example of a spatial cell is a compass-like cell called the head-direction cell that fires, say, whenever your head faces east. Another kind of cell is the place cell. Place cells fire in particular locations in different environmental contexts. One place cell might fire near the door to your kitchen at home, but also in a different environmental context, such as along the corridor near your office at work. Other place cells will fire along that corridor too, including the part where it branches, one branch leading right to the fire exit. One day, when there's a fire in your work and everything is smoky, those place cells might help you to reach the fire exit even though you can't see. Previous work has shown that place cells are strongly influenced by environmental boundaries. My collaborators and I presented a model to explain some of the typical characteristics of these place cells in different environments. We predicted, and I subsequently discovered, cells which we called 'Boundary vector cells'. A boundary vector cell fires whenever a boundary is located at a preferred distance and direction from the subject. Examples of boundaries include room walls, a cliff, and the sides of a corridor or building. Each boundary vector cell has its own preferred distance and direction. One boundary vector cell might optimally fire when there's a very close boundary to the south of the subject. Another boundary vector cell might optimally fire when there's a boundary about three metres away to the north-east of the subject. It is likely that these cells form part of the network in the hippocampal formation that allow place cells, for example, to fire reliably in a particular environment, and thus permit accurate navigation. The basic idea of the proposed research is to obtain a large dataset of boundary vector cells, and to test them in detail, one by one and as a population, against the existing model that predicted their discovery. How well can our model predict BVC firing in different environments? For each recorded BVC, on the basis of its firing in a subset of environments, we will get the model to make a prediction about how the cell will fire in another subset of environments. We will also examine their interaction with other kinds of cells, such as the place cells. We will test the hypothesis that place cells, because they learn about new contexts, change the timing of their firing relative to a prominent oscillation called theta (i.e. a kind of clock in the brain) when they are initially learning, while at least some boundary vector cells which do NOT show any ability to learn, will NOT change the timing of their firing during learning. (This hypothesis exists in part because we know that changing the timing relative to the theta oscillation can enchance the physiological processes underlying the long-term memorability of learned information.) In all, by recording and modelling BVCs, we will build a more accurate and complex model of spatial representation in the hippocampal formation. This will have major implications for diverse fields such as the study of hippocampal-dependent memory, learning theory, spatial linguistics, and robotics.
这项研究调查了一种新型的空间细胞,这可能是我们空间知识的重要组成部分。获取和适当地使用空间知识是大多数动物和人类行为的重要特征,没有它,生存是脆弱的。拟议中的研究特别关注大规模空间的表示,例如帮助您定位自己或房间中的对象,或在办公楼或城镇中导航。大脑中一个叫做海马结构的区域中的不同类型的空间细胞为我们的大规模空间知识提供了基本的构建块。空间细胞的一个例子是一个类似指南针的细胞,称为头部方向细胞,每当你的头朝向东方时,它就会触发。另一种细胞是位置细胞。在不同的环境背景下,在特定的位置放置细胞火灾。一个地方的细胞可能会在你家厨房的门口附近起火,但也可能在不同的环境背景下起火,比如你工作时办公室附近的走廊沿着。其他的位置细胞也会沿着那条走廊开火,包括它分支的部分,一条分支直接通向消防出口。有一天,当你工作的地方着火了,到处都是烟雾,这些位置细胞可能会帮助你到达安全出口,即使你看不见。先前的研究表明,位置细胞受到环境边界的强烈影响。我和我的合作者提出了一个模型来解释这些位置细胞在不同环境中的一些典型特征。我们预测,我随后发现,细胞,我们称之为“边界矢量细胞”。只要边界位于距对象的优选距离和方向处,边界向量单元就触发。边界的示例包括房间墙、悬崖以及走廊或建筑的侧面。每个边界矢量单元都有自己的首选距离和方向。一个边界向量单元可能在对象的南部有一个非常接近的边界时最佳地激发。另一个边界矢量细胞可能在物体东北方向三米远的地方有一个边界时最佳地激发。这些细胞很可能是海马结构中网络的一部分,例如,它们允许定位细胞在特定环境中可靠地激发,从而允许准确的导航。这项研究的基本思想是获得一个大型的边界向量细胞数据集,并根据预测它们发现的现有模型,逐一对它们进行详细测试。我们的模型能在多大程度上预测不同环境下的BVC燃烧?对于每个记录的BVC,基于它在一个环境子集中的发射,我们将让模型预测细胞在另一个环境子集中将如何发射。我们还将研究它们与其他类型细胞的相互作用,例如位置细胞。我们将测试这样一个假设:位置细胞因为学习新的环境,在最初学习时会改变其相对于称为θ(即大脑中的一种时钟)的突出振荡的发射时间,而至少有一些边界矢量细胞没有显示出任何学习能力,在学习过程中不会改变其发射时间。(This这一假设的存在部分是因为我们知道,改变相对于θ振荡的时间可以增强生理过程,而这些生理过程是学习信息长期记忆的基础。总之,通过记录和模拟BVC,我们将建立一个更准确和复杂的模型,在海马结构的空间表示。这将对不同的领域产生重大影响,如依赖于记忆的记忆,学习理论,空间语言学和机器人技术的研究。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(10)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Know your limits: the role of boundaries in the development of spatial representation.
了解你的极限:边界在空间表征发展中的作用。
- DOI:10.1016/j.neuron.2014.03.017
- 发表时间:2014
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:16.2
- 作者:Hartley T
- 通讯作者:Hartley T
A specific role for septohippocampal acetylcholine in memory?
- DOI:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2012.07.022
- 发表时间:2012-11
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:2.6
- 作者:Easton A;Douchamps V;Eacott M;Lever C
- 通讯作者:Lever C
Theta phase precession of grid and place cell firing in open environments.
- DOI:10.1098/rstb.2012.0532
- 发表时间:2014-02-05
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:Jeewajee A;Barry C;Douchamps V;Manson D;Lever C;Burgess N
- 通讯作者:Burgess N
Anxiolytic drugs and altered hippocampal theta rhythms: the quantitative systems pharmacological approach.
抗焦虑药物和改变海马θ节律:定量系统药理学方法。
- DOI:10.3109/0954898x.2013.880003
- 发表时间:2014
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:John T
- 通讯作者:John T
How environment geometry affects grid cell symmetry and what we can learn from it.
- DOI:10.1098/rstb.2013.0188
- 发表时间:2014-02-05
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:Krupic J;Bauza M;Burton S;Lever C;O'Keefe J
- 通讯作者:O'Keefe J
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Colin Lever其他文献
Colin Lever的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Colin Lever', 18)}}的其他基金
Vector Trace cells in the Subiculum of the hippocampal formation
海马结构下托中的矢量追踪细胞
- 批准号:
BB/T014768/1 - 财政年份:2020
- 资助金额:
$ 11.28万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
Spatial coding in the hippocampal formation: boundaries and grids
海马结构的空间编码:边界和网格
- 批准号:
BB/M008975/1 - 财政年份:2015
- 资助金额:
$ 11.28万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
Boundary Vector Cells (BVCs): a novel type of fundamental spatial cell in the hippocampal formation
边界向量细胞(BVC):海马结构中一种新型的基本空间细胞
- 批准号:
BB/G01342X/1 - 财政年份:2009
- 资助金额:
$ 11.28万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
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