Pattern recognition receptors: discovery function and application in crops for durable disease control

模式识别受体：发现功能及其在作物中的应用以实现持久的疾病控制

• 批准号: BB/G025045/1
• 负责人: Donal O'Sullivan
• 金额: $ 6.85万
• 依托单位: National Institute of Agricultural Botany
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2009 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FG025045%2F1
• 关键词: Pattern; recognition; receptors; discovery; function

Plant diseases seriously limit the production of crops in European agriculture. The diseases can be controlled by chemicals, but ways to reduce chemical inputs are being sought. Sustainable agricultural methods are therefore placing increased emphasis on the genetic potential of plants to control pathogens. Resistance genes have been widely used in plant breeding to control diseases. However, pathogens readily evolve and mutate, which results in the 'break-down' of resistance genes in the field. Thus, an alternative, more durable form of resistance is required in sustainable agriculture. Recently, fundamental work with the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana has led to the discovery of a new class of proteins called Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRR's) which recognise essential conserved pathogen molecules that cannot be mutated or lost. These PRR's represent the first line of defence against potential pathogens, and offer the prospect of durable resistance to a broad range of diseases. This project advances our knowledge about PRR's so that it can be applied to crop plant species. We will concentrate on cereals, brassica and grapevine, and focus on PRR's that recognise the fungi and oomycetes which are the major pathogens of these crops. We will identify novel molecules from important crop pathogens that induce this first line of defence in plants. We will also look for new PRR's, both in Arabidopsis and crop plants, and investigate developmental and environmental effects on their performance. We will also test whether known PRR's function when transformed into crop plants. This is a joint project between European research groups in UK, Germany, Holland and France, and also involves collaboration with a seed company. The work will enable us to evaluate the potential of PRR's in breeding to provide durable disease control, so reducing the need for agrochemicals and benefitting the environment.

植物病害严重限制了欧洲农业的作物产量。这些疾病可以用化学品控制，但正在寻找减少化学品投入的方法。因此，可持续农业方法越来越重视植物控制病原体的遗传潜力。抗病基因已广泛应用于植物育种中以控制病害。然而，病原体很容易进化和突变，这导致田间抗性基因的“分解”。因此，在可持续农业中需要一种替代的、更持久的抵抗形式。最近，对模式植物拟南芥的基础工作发现了一类称为模式识别受体（PRR）的新蛋白质，它识别不能突变或丢失的必需保守病原体分子。这些PRR代表了抵抗潜在病原体的第一道防线，并提供了对广泛疾病的持久抗性的前景。该项目推进了我们对PRR的认识，使其可以应用于作物物种。我们将集中在谷物，芸苔和葡萄藤，并专注于PRR的识别真菌和卵菌，这是这些作物的主要病原体。我们将从重要的农作物病原体中鉴定出新的分子，这些分子诱导植物的第一道防线。我们还将寻找新的PRR的，无论是在拟南芥和作物植物，并调查其性能的发展和环境的影响。我们还将测试已知的PRR在转化到作物植物中时是否起作用。这是英国、德国、荷兰和法国的欧洲研究小组之间的联合项目，还涉及与种子公司的合作。这项工作将使我们能够评估PRR在育种中的潜力，以提供持久的疾病控制，从而减少对农用化学品的需求并有益于环境。