MICROCOMPUTER ASSESSMENT OF ALCOHOL USE

酒精使用的微电脑评估

• 批准号: 3111818
• 负责人: RONALD Dale HAYS
• 金额: $ 22.89万
• 依托单位: RAND CORPORATION
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-07-01 至 1993-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3111818
• 关键词: alcoholic beverage consumption; alcoholism /alcohol abuse; alcoholism /alcohol abuse information system; cognition; data collection methodology /evaluation; diagnostic tests; driving while intoxicated; ethnic group; interview; performance; socioenvironment

Self-reports of alcohol use have widespread application because of other satisfactory and practical measures are generally unavailable. Research indicates that validity is influenced by a number of factors. For example, socially desirable response pressures may cause respondent to underreport their actual level of alcohol use. The quantitativeness of alcohol use response options may affect validity, but the available research is inconclusive. Studies in other topic areas suggest that respondents may be more likely to endorse the first response option presented them, but whether this effect generalizes to self-reported alcohol use is unknown. It has been suggested that response bias can be minimized by facilitating the retrieval process, but the precise details and best methods of facilitation have not been established. We propose to develop an interactive, computerized assessment method for investigating self-reported alcohol use and employ this method to study and improve the validity of self-reports. The program will be administered by microcomputer to 1240 respondents in driving under the influence treatment programs to study factors affecting self-reported alcohol use. A pretest- posttest design will be used to manipulate four factors: (1) order of frequency of alcohol use items relative to alcohol diagnostic items; (2) quantitativeness of response options (low,k Medium, High) for frequency of alcohol use items; (3) order of presentation of close-ended response options, and (4) feedback given to respondents. The feedback intervention has four different levels. In all levels, respondents will respond at Time 1 and be given a second opportunity to provide answers to the alcohol use items at Time 2. Under the second and third levels, respondents will be shown their original responses before responding to Time 2. Under the fourth level, respondents will receive information about the inconsistencies of their answers from Time 1 before responding at Time 2. We will compare self-reports with collateral reports. Analyses of these data will contribute to an understanding of the effect on self-reported alcohol use of (1) manipulating whether or not specific questions about alcohol use precede diagnostic items, (2) varying the quantitativeness of response options, (3) varying the order of presenting response options, (4) showing respondents their original answers and giving them a second opportunity to respond, and (5) providing feedback about inconsistencies and giving respondents an opportunity to resolve them.

自我报告的酒精使用有广泛的应用，因为其他 令人满意和切实可行的措施一般都没有。 研究 表明有效性受到许多因素的影响。 比如说， 社会期望的反应压力可能会导致受访者少报 他们的实际饮酒量 酒精使用的定量性 回答选项可能会影响有效性，但现有的研究是 不确定 其他主题领域的研究表明，受访者可能是 更有可能支持他们提出的第一个反应选项，但是 这种影响是否普遍适用于自我报告的饮酒情况尚不清楚。 有人建议，可以通过促进反应偏差最小化 检索过程，但精确的细节和最佳方法 便利化尚未建立。 我们建议发展一个互动的电脑化评估方法， 调查自我报告的酒精使用情况，并采用这种方法来研究和 提高自我报告的有效性。 该计划将由 用微机对1240名被调查者进行酒后驾驶处理 研究影响自我报告酒精使用的因素。 一个预测试- 后测设计将被用来操纵四个因素：（1）顺序 酒精使用项目相对于酒精诊断项目的频率;（2） 频率响应选项的定量性（低、k中、高） 酒精使用项目;（3）封闭式答复的呈现顺序 选项;（4）给受访者的反馈。 反馈干预 有四个不同的层次。 在所有级别中，受访者都将在时间上做出回应 1并获得第二次机会提供酒精使用的答案 时间2的项目。 在第二和第三层次下，受访者将 在回答时间2之前展示了他们的原始反应。 下 第四个层次，受访者将收到有关信息， 在时间2回答之前，他们的答案与时间1不一致。 我们将比较自我报告和间接报告。 对这些数据的分析将有助于了解 自我报告的酒精使用（1）操纵是否具体 关于酒精使用的问题先于诊断项目，（2）改变 回答选项的定量性，（3）改变呈现顺序 回答选项，（4）显示受访者的原始答案，并给出 第二次回应的机会，以及（5）提供反馈， 不一致之处，并给予答复者解决问题的机会。