IN-VEHICLE BAC TEST DEVICES AS A DETERRENT TO DUI

被描绘成这十年的大反派（劳伦斯等人，1988年）， 酒后驾车越来越成为我们无法容忍的一部分， 文化 每年有超过100万人因酒后驾车被捕， 美国每年有超过25,000人死于这种疾病饮酒和 驾驶对整个社会来说是一个严重的问题，而且 特别是我们的立法制度。 背负着 提供法律的补救措施以阻止酒后驾车的责任， 许多州的法官目前正在判处那些被判酒后驾车的人， 使用车载酒精测试装置（点火联锁系统）作为 缓刑条件 在大多数情况下， 吊销执照，但除了罚款，监禁， 康复计划。 虽然目前有数百名罪犯使用互锁 设备，随着更多的州通过， 立法授权其使用，没有可靠的经验证据 事实上，到目前为止，它在减少累犯方面是有效的。 此外，本发明还 实际上，对该系统的操作特性一无所知。 设备，围绕其使用的态度和看法，以及 并发和长期的态度或行为影响， 归因于器械。 这项为期三年的研究的主要目标是评估短期 和长期有效的联锁系统中使用的判刑 对酒后驾车的罪犯，作为对酒后驾车的后续逮捕的威慑。 短- 长期效应是指在联锁系统 在实验组成员的汽车和驾驶员的 控制组成员的许可证被暂停;长期影响是 在联锁设备已 从实验对象的汽车上取下， 恢复为对照组。 这项研究的设计涉及一个 准实验设计与精确匹配的实验和 对照组成员被判酒后驾车，四波数据收集 包括面对面的面谈和警方记录搜索 再次因酒后驾车被捕 这项研究的结果，第一次全面 研究人员已知的联锁装置的研究，将直接 对通过正式立法的国家的政策影响 授权法官在DUI判决和当地 法官使用联锁程序。

Portrayed as the arch-villain of this decade (Laurence et al., 1988), the drunk driver has increasingly become an intolerable part of our culture. Producing over one million annual drunk driving arrests and accounting for over 25,000 deaths each year in the U.S., drinking and driving presents a serious problem for society in general, and more particularly, for our legislative system. Burdened with the responsibility of providing legal remedies to deter drunk driving, judges in many states are currently sentencing those convicted of DUI to use in-vehicle alcohol test devices (ignition interlock systems) as a condition of probation. In most cases, interlocks are ordered in lieu of license suspension, but in addition to fines, jail sentences, and rehabilitation programs. Although there are currently hundreds of offenders using interlock devices, with the numbers expected to grow as additional states pass legislation authorizing their use, there is no sound empirical evidence to date that it is, in fact, effective in reducing recidivism. Further, virtually nothing is known about the operational characteristics of the device, the attitudes and perceptions surrounding its use, and the concurrent and long-term attitudinal or behavioral effects that can be attributed to the device. The primary objective of this three year study is to evaluate the short and long term effectiveness of interlock systems used in the sentencing of DUI offenders as a deterrent to a subsequent arrest for DUI. Short- term effects are those observed during the period the interlock system is operational in the cars of experimental group members and drivers' licenses are suspended for control group members; long-term effects are those observed over a one year period after the interlock equipment has been removed from the cars of the experimentals, and drivers' licenses are reinstated for the controls. The design of the study involves a quasi-experimental design with precision matched experimental and control group members convicted of DUI, four waves of data collection involving personal face-to-face interviews and police record searches for DUI rearrest. The results of this study, the first comprehensive study of interlock devices known to the investigators, will have direct policy implications both for states passing formal legislation authorizing judges to use this equipment in DUI sentencing and for local judges using interlock programs.