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Controlling Supply Quality and Waste in Brassica vegetables: Understanding the genetics of maturity to breed varieties in response to climate change.

控制甘蓝类蔬菜的供应质量和浪费：了解成熟的遗传学，以培育应对气候变化的品种。

基本信息

批准号：
BB/H004602/1
负责人：
Judith Irwin
金额：
$ 42.37万
依托单位：
John Innes Centre
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2009 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FH004602%2F1
关键词：
Controlling Supply Quality Waste Brassica

项目摘要

Flowering is a key component of plant adaptation, affecting geographical distribution and suitability for farming practices. It is highly relevant to yield, quality and environmental considerations as flowering at the appropriate time ensures best use of the available growing season, promoting sustainability and reducing the need for inputs. The genus Brassica includes species with many morphological forms that are cultivated for use as vegetables, oils, fodder and condiments, and much of this morphological diversity can be attributed to variation in flowering time. Biennial cultivars require a period of cold treatment (vernalization) to induce flowering. This flowering behaviour is critical for the production of some vegetable forms and for adaptation to certain agricultural practices, such as planting of overwintering cauliflower varieties. Annual Brassica cultivars do not require cold treatment to flower, although some annuals can respond to vernalization by flowering earlier and more uniformly. How different varieties respond to vernalization has a big effect on when and how they mature. Many vegetables are harvested and eaten at the vegetative stage, prior to flowering. Successfully predicting the timing and length of the vegetative phase has a big influence on the quality and commercial return from the crop. For other vegetables it is the timing of the floral transition that is critical. In this project we will identify genes which can exert greater or lesser control on the vernalization process with the aim of using this information to produce parent lines and hybrids which have a more predictable harvest period. We will relate variation at these loci to performance under present and historical weather patterns to associate specific allelic combinations with maturity under different climatic conditions. Knowledge of key Brassica vernalization genes and how they vary in different vegetable Brassicas will allow us to address key questions about the impact of climate patterns on the availability of UK-produced quality Brassica vegetables.

开花是植物适应的关键组成部分，影响地理分布和农业实践的适宜性。它与产量、质量和环境因素高度相关，因为在适当的时间开花可确保最佳利用可用的生长季节，促进可持续性并减少投入需求。芸苔属包括具有多种形态形式的物种，这些物种被栽培用作蔬菜、油、饲料和调味品，并且这种形态多样性很大程度上可归因于开花时间的变化。二年生品种需要一段时间的冷处理（春化）来诱导开花。这种开花行为对于某些蔬菜形式的生产和适应某些农业实践（例如越冬花椰菜品种的种植）至关重要。一年生芸苔属品种不需要冷处理就能开花，尽管一些一年生植物可以通过更早和更均匀的开花来应对春化。不同品种对春化的反应对其成熟的时间和方式有很大影响。许多蔬菜是在开花前的营养阶段收获和食用的。成功预测生长期的时间和长度对作物的质量和商业回报有很大影响。对于其他蔬菜来说，花期转变的时间至关重要。在这个项目中，我们将鉴定可以对春化过程施加或多或少控制的基因，目的是利用这些信息来生产具有更可预测的收获期的亲本系和杂种。我们将这些基因座的变异与当前和历史天气模式下的表现联系起来，以将特定的等位基因组合与不同气候条件下的成熟度联系起来。了解关键的芸苔属春化基因以及它们在不同蔬菜芸苔属中的差异，将使我们能够解决有关气候模式对英国生产的优质芸苔属蔬菜的影响的关键问题。