Investigating the role of a kinesin gene in butterfly mimicry

研究驱动蛋白基因在蝴蝶拟态中的作用

• 批准号: BB/H01439X/1
• 负责人: Chris Jiggins
• 金额: $ 57.04万
• 依托单位: University of Cambridge
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2011 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FH01439X%2F1
• 关键词: Investigating; role; kinesin; gene; butterfly

Mimicry among butterfly species is a classic example of evolution and adaptation. The brightly coloured neotropical Heliconius butterflies are one of the best studied examples, but the molecular genetic basis of mimicry remains poorly understood. In particular mimicry offers an opportunity to study the repeatability of evolution, as the same patterns emerge again and again in divergent lineages. The project falls into two broad areas, first we use cutting edge sequencing technology to make a genetic map of the H. melpomene genome. This will be used to help assemble the genome sequence currently being generated. This will form the basis for a genome-wide survey of adaptive divergence between H. melpomene races. Divergent geographic populations of this species form narrow hybrid zones where they hybridise and exchange genes. Thus, narrow regions of the genome controlling wing patterns are genetically differentiated against a background of extensive recombination. This offers a powerful opportunity to identify changes responsible for wing pattern differentiation. We will first characterise variation within and between races by genome resequencing at low coverage. Then we will use novel 'sequence capture' technology to enrich genomic DNA for regions of interest from 96 individuals, taken from six phenotypic races of H. melpomene. The experiment will be designed to sample two chromosomal regions containing wing patterning genes, and a further 12,000 variable sites located across the genome. This will offer a unique genome-wide analysis of parallel divergence between the six populations sampled. In particular we aim to determine a) how much of the genome is involved in colour pattern divergence b) whether the same regions are implicated across independent hybrid zones c) estimate the age of the alleles involved in wing pattern divergence and d) identify putative functional sites for further analysis. The second major aim of the project is to investigate the kinesin gene that represents a strong candidate locus for controlling the red forewing band of H. melpomene. We will study the spatial distribution of kinesin gene expression patterns between divergent phenotypes, in order to test whether spatial regulation underlies pattern regulation. Many genes show different variants generated by alternative splicing, generating variant forms of the protein containing alternative forms of the exons. Alternative splicing is a potentially powerful but under-explored mechanism that could generate evolutionarily relevant variation. We have evidence for alternative splicing the Kinesin gene, and here will characterise the isoforms of this gene and test for correlations between isoform expression and wing phenotype. We will investigate the molecular function of the gene, including a search for other molecules that interact with the kinesin protein, and test to confirm its motor function. Finally, we will develop trangenics methods for explicitly testing the function of the kinesin gene in wing pattern specification in divergent races of H. melpomene. The major gene dominant control of the red band means that we expect to be able to generate a red-banded phenotype by expressing the 'red' kinesin allele in a yellow banded phenotype. This will provide the first explicit test of function for a gene causing pattern variation in any butterfly.

蝴蝶物种间的模仿是进化和适应的一个经典例子。色彩鲜艳的新热带蝴蝶是研究得最好的例子之一，但模仿的分子遗传基础仍然知之甚少。特别是模仿为研究进化的可重复性提供了机会，因为相同的模式在不同的谱系中一次又一次地出现。该项目分为两大领域，首先，我们使用最先进的测序技术来绘制人类基因组的遗传图谱。这将用于帮助组装当前正在生成的基因组序列。这将为人类种族间适应性差异的全基因组调查奠定基础。这个物种的不同地理种群形成狭窄的杂交带，在那里它们杂交和交换基因。因此，控制翅膀模式的基因组狭窄区域在广泛重组的背景下遗传分化。这提供了一个强有力的机会来识别负责翅膀图案分化的变化。我们将首先通过低覆盖率的基因组重测序来描述种族内部和种族之间的变异。然后，我们将使用新的“序列捕获”技术来丰富来自6个H. melpomene表型种族的96个个体的感兴趣区域的基因组DNA。该实验将对包含翅膀图案基因的两个染色体区域以及位于基因组中的12000个可变位点进行取样。这将提供一个独特的全基因组分析平行分歧之间的六个种群取样。特别是，我们的目标是确定a)有多少基因组参与了颜色图案的分化；b)在独立的杂交区是否涉及相同的区域；c)估计参与翅膀图案分化的等位基因的年龄；d)确定推测的功能位点，以供进一步分析。该项目的第二个主要目的是研究驱动蛋白基因，该基因是控制红翼带的一个强有力的候选位点。我们将研究不同表型间驱动蛋白基因表达模式的空间分布，以检验空间调控是否为模式调控的基础。许多基因显示出由选择性剪接产生的不同变体，产生含有不同形式外显子的蛋白质的变体形式。选择性剪接是一种潜在的强大但尚未开发的机制，可以产生进化相关的变异。我们有证据表明动力蛋白基因的选择性剪接，这里将描述该基因的同种异构体，并测试同种异构体表达与翅膀表型之间的相关性。我们将研究该基因的分子功能，包括寻找与激酶蛋白相互作用的其他分子，并测试以确认其运动功能。最后，我们将发展突变学方法来明确测试在不同种的H. melpomene的翅膀图案规范中的运动蛋白基因的功能。红带的主基因显性控制意味着我们期望能够通过在黄带表型中表达“红色”激酶等位基因来产生红带表型。这将为任何蝴蝶中导致模式变异的基因提供第一个明确的功能测试。

项目成果

Speciation in Heliconius Butterflies: Minimal Contact Followed by Millions of Generations of Hybridisation

袖蝶的物种形成：最小的接触，随后是数百万代的杂交

• DOI: 10.1101/015800
• 发表时间: 2015
• 作者: Martin S

Genome-wide patterns of divergence and gene flow across a butterfly radiation

蝴蝶辐射中的全基因组分歧和基因流模式

• DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2012.05730.x
• 发表时间: 2012
• 期刊: Molecular Ecology
• 影响因子: 4.9
• 作者: Nadeau N

Multilocus species trees show the recent adaptive radiation of the mimetic heliconius butterflies.

多焦点树木显示了模仿螺旋藻蝴蝶的最新自适应辐射。

• DOI: 10.1093/sysbio/syv007
• 发表时间: 2015-05
• 期刊: Systematic biology
• 影响因子: 6.5
• 作者: Kozak KM;Wahlberg N;Neild AF;Dasmahapatra KK;Mallet J;Jiggins CD
• 通讯作者: Jiggins CD

Estimation of the spontaneous mutation rate in Heliconius melpomene.

• DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msu302
• 发表时间: 2015-01
• 期刊: Molecular biology and evolution
• 影响因子: 10.7
• 作者: Keightley PD;Pinharanda A;Ness RW;Simpson F;Dasmahapatra KK;Mallet J;Davey JW;Jiggins CD
• 通讯作者: Jiggins CD

Butterfly genome reveals promiscuous exchange of mimicry adaptations among species.

• DOI: 10.1038/nature11041
• 发表时间: 2012-07-05
• 期刊: NATURE
• 影响因子: 64.8
• 作者: Dasmahapatra, Kanchon K.;Walters, James R.;Briscoe, Adriana D.;Davey, John W.;Whibley, Annabel;Nadeau, Nicola J.;Zimin, Aleksey V.;Hughes, Daniel S. T.;Ferguson, Laura C.;Martin, Simon H.;Salazar, Camilo;Lewis, James J.;Adler, Sebastian;Ahn, Seung-Joon;Baker, Dean A.;Baxter, Simon W.;Chamberlain, Nicola L.;Chauhan, Ritika;Counterman, Brian A.;Dalmay, Tamas;Gilbert, Lawrence E.;Gordon, Karl;Heckel, David G.;Hines, Heather M.;Hoff, Katharina J.;Holland, Peter W. H.;Jacquin-Joly, Emmanuelle;Jiggins, Francis M.;Jones, Robert T.;Kapan, Durrell D.;Kersey, Paul;Lamas, Gerardo;Lawson, Daniel;Mapleson, Daniel;Maroja, Luana S.;Martin, Arnaud;Moxon, Simon;Palmer, William J.;Papa, Riccardo;Papanicolaou, Alexie;Pauchet, Yannick;Ray, David A.;Rosser, Neil;Salzberg, Steven L.;Supple, Megan A.;Surridge, Alison;Tenger-Trolander, Ayse;Vogel, Heiko;Wilkinson, Paul A.;Wilson, Derek;Yorke, James A.;Yuan, Furong;Balmuth, Alexi L.;Eland, Cathlene;Gharbi, Karim;Thomson, Marian;Gibbs, Richard A.;Han, Yi;Jayaseelan, Joy C.;Kovar, Christie;Mathew, Tittu;Muzny, Donna M.;Ongeri, Fiona;Pu, Ling-Ling;Qu, Jiaxin;Thornton, Rebecca L.;Worley, Kim C.;Wu, Yuan-Qing;Linares, Mauricio;Blaxter, Mark L.;Ffrench-Constant, Richard H.;Joron, Mathieu;Kronforst, Marcus R.;Mullen, Sean P.;Reed, Robert D.;Scherer, Steven E.;Richards, Stephen;Mallet, James;McMillan, W. Owen;Jiggins, Chris D.
• 通讯作者: Jiggins, Chris D.