NEW MICROBIAL VITAMIN-COENZYME RELATIONSHIPS

这项拟议的研究的目的是阐明生物化学， 生理学，以及新的辅酶和维生素的结构 在产甲烷细菌中发现。在生物化学史上， 微生物在维生素的测定中起到了关键作用 在阐明维生素和辅酶的生化功能方面。 完全了解细胞化学对生化来说很重要 缺乏会产生一种疾病状态。到目前为止，有6个新的结构 产甲烷菌的辅酶已被记录在案。我们的目标是定义 二氧化碳还原为甲烷的生物化学，这个过程 需要这些辅酶的参与。主要的具体目标是 这些应用是：(I)研究活化和还原 导致甲酰基形成的二氧化碳 辅酶，甲烷呋喃，一种新的二氧化碳固定方法； 研究连接到辅酶上的亚甲基的还原， 四氢甲烷喋呤，并定义反应产物； 为了定义这些酶中所涉及的电子载体 还原反应；(Iv)研究植物的还原再生 两种辅酶(HS-COM和7-COM)中每一种的硫醇形式 硫代庚酰基苏氨酸磷酸)从它们的杂二硫化物中分离出来， 是最终产甲烷反应的氧化产物；(V) 分离并确定生长所需的维生素的结构 移动甲烷微生物的研究。 我们无法预测这些辅酶是否具有化疗作用。 在人类疾病中的价值，或者它们是否只在一般情况下起作用 了解生物化学。古细菌的发现是 只有大约十年的历史，而且由于这些有机体在许多方面都不同 从典型的细菌，重要的是要完整地记录他们的 生物化学和确定造福人类的潜在用途。

The purpose of the proposed research is to elucidate tho biochemistry, physiology, and structure of new coenzymes and vitamins that have been discovered in methanogenic bacteria. In the history of biochemistry, microbes have played a pivotal role in the assay of vitamins as well as in the elucidation of the biochemical function of vitamins and coenzymes. To completely understand cell chemistry is important, for biochemical deficiences produce a diseased state. So far the structures of 6 new coenzymes of methanogens have been documented. It is our goal to define the biochemistry of carbon dioxide reduction to methane, a process which requires the participation of these coenzyme. The major specific aims for this applications are; (i) to study the activation and reduction of carbon dioxide that leads to the formation of a formyl group on the coenzyme, methanofuran, a new method of carbon dioxide fixation; (ii) to study the reduction of a methylene group attached to the coenzyme, tetrahydromethanopterin, and define the products of the reaction; (iii) to define the electron carriers that are involved in these enzymatic reductive reactions; (iv) to study the reductive regeneration of the mercapto form of each of two coenzymes (HS-CoM and 7- mercaptoheptanoylthreonine phosphate) from their heterodisulfide, which is the oxidized product of the terminal methanogenic reaction; (v) to isolate and determine the structure of a vitamin required for the growth of Methanomicrobium mobile. We cannot predict whether these coenzymes will be of chemotherapeutic value in human disease, or whether they will contribute only in a general understanding of biochemistry. The discovery of the archaebacteria is only about a decade old, and since these organisms differ in many ways from typical bacterial, it is important to fully document their biochemistry and identify potential uses to benefit man.