Enhancing leaf transient carbon stores - role of fumarate as a possible storage compound

增强叶片瞬时碳储存——富马酸盐作为可能的储存化合物的作用

基本信息

批准号：
BB/J004103/1
负责人：
Giles Johnson
金额：
$ 44.93万
依托单位：
University of Manchester
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2012 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FJ004103%2F1
关键词：
Enhancing leaf transient carbon stores

项目摘要

Human society finds itself facing a great challenge. Populations around the world have grown massively over the last century and are set to continue growing well into the next. Rising standards of living in countries like China and India and increases in production of biofuels are further increasing demand. This growing demand, combined with crop failures possibly linked to global climate change, have resulted in food prices rising substantially in recent years. It is estimated that food production needs to increase by 50% by the middle of this century to keep pace with demand.Photosynthesis is the process by which plants absorb light and use the energy to make sugars. This process forms the basis of life on this planet - all the food we eat originally comes from photosynthesis. An obvious way to increase the productivity of plants is to increase their photosynthetic capacity. Plants are however already very good at capturing light, so if we wish to improve photosynthesis we need to identify where the limiting steps in this process are. During the day, as the plant makes sugars, the concentration of these rise in the leaf. If the concentration of sugars becomes too high, this can slow down or stop photosynthesis. To overcome this effect, plants can convert sugars into different substances, in particular starch. Starch is relatively unreactive and does not inhibit photosynthesis. The rate at which starch can accumulate and the amount that the leaf can hold is currently metabolically limited. So, if a plant does more photosynthesis, starch accumulation cannot keep up and sugar concentrations will increase and photosynthesis will then become inhibited.Work in a weed called Thale Cress has identified, in addition to starch, a novel storage compound fumaric acid. Fumaric acid is a natural substance, found in all organisms including humans. It is widely used as a food additive to control the acidity of food and drink products. Although all plants contain fumaric acid, only a few are able to store high concentrations. In most crop species, only low amounts are found. If we could breed crops that, in addition to starch, are able to store fumaric acid in their leaves, , we may be able to increase plants' ability to carry out photosynthesis. The aim of this project is to test this idea and see whether it leads to an increase in the plants overall growth. The results obtained will be used to direct future plant breeding strategies in crops and with future development will play an important role in feeding the world's population.

人类社会发现自己面临着巨大的挑战。在上个世纪，世界各地的人口都大大增加，并将继续在下一个世纪增长。中国和印度等国家生活水平的提高以及生物燃料生产的提高正在进一步增加。这种不断增长的需求，加上可能与全球气候变化有关的农作物失败，近年来粮食价格大幅上涨。据估计，到本世纪中叶，粮食产量需要增加50％，以跟上需求。斑点是植物吸收光并利用能量制成糖的过程。这个过程构成了这个星球上生命的基础 - 我们最初吃的所有食物都来自光合作用。提高植物生产率的一种明显方法是提高其光合作用能力。但是，植物已经非常擅长捕获光，因此，如果我们希望改善光合作用，我们需要确定此过程中的限制步骤。白天，随着植物的生产糖，这些浓度在叶片中升高。如果糖的浓度太高，则可能会减慢或停止光合作用。为了克服这种作用，植物可以将糖转化为不同的物质，特别是淀粉。淀粉相对不反应，不会抑制光合作用。淀粉可以积聚的速率以及叶子可以保持的量当前被代谢限制。因此，如果植物进行更多的光合作用，淀粉的积累将无法保持良好，糖浓度将增加，然后将光合作用被抑制。在一种称为Thale Cress的杂草中，还确定了一种新型储存的储存复合富马酸。富马酸是一种天然物质，在包括人类在内的所有生物中都发现。它被广泛用作食品添加剂，以控制食物和饮料产品的酸度。尽管所有植物都含有富马酸，但只有少数植物能够存储高浓度。在大多数农作物物种中，仅发现低量。如果我们可以繁殖除淀粉外能够将富马酸储存在其叶子中的农作物，那么我们也许能够提高植物进行光合作用的能力。该项目的目的是测试这一想法，看看它是否导致植物的总体增长增加。获得的结果将用于指导农作物中未来的植物育种策略，并随着未来的发展将在养活世界人口中发挥重要作用。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（10）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

A Failure Mode and Effect Analysis of plant metabolism reveals why cytosolic fumarase is required for temperature acclimation in Arabidopsis

植物代谢的失效模式和影响分析揭示了拟南芥温度驯化需要胞质延胡索酸酶的原因

DOI：
10.1101/2020.08.04.234591
发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
0
作者：
Herrmann H
通讯作者：
Herrmann H

Metabolic flux from the chloroplast provides signals controlling photosynthetic acclimation to cold in Arabidopsis thaliana.

来自叶绿体的代谢通量提供了控制拟南芥光合适应寒冷的信号。

DOI：
10.22541/au.159534893.31472268
发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
0
作者：
Herrmann H
通讯作者：
Herrmann H

Cytosolic fumarase acts as a metabolic fail-safe for both high and low temperature acclimation of Arabidopsis thaliana

DOI：
10.1101/2021.04.19.440416
发表时间：
2021-04
期刊：
bioRxiv
影响因子：
0
作者：
Helena A. Herrmann;P. Calzadilla;J. Schwartz;G. Johnson
通讯作者：
Helena A. Herrmann;P. Calzadilla;J. Schwartz;G. Johnson

GPT2: a glucose 6-phosphate/phosphate translocator with a novel role in the regulation of sugar signalling during seedling development.

DOI：
10.1093/aob/mct298
发表时间：
2014-03
期刊：
Annals of botany
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Dyson BC;Webster RE;Johnson GN
通讯作者：
Johnson GN

Evaluation of metabolomics profiles of grain from maize hybrids derived from near-isogenic GM positive and negative segregant inbreds demonstrates that observed differences cannot be attributed unequivocally to the GM trait.

DOI：
10.1007/s11306-016-1017-6
发表时间：
2016
期刊：
Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society
影响因子：
0
作者：
Harrigan GG;Venkatesh TV;Leibman M;Blankenship J;Perez T;Halls S;Chassy AW;Fiehn O;Xu Y;Goodacre R
通讯作者：
Goodacre R