ENTEROVIRUS PREVALENCE AND EFFECT ON OPV IMMUNOGENICITY

麻痹性脊髓灰质炎仍然是#年的一个主要健康问题。 发展中国家。预防战略以脊髓灰质炎疫苗为基础。 活的、减毒的和口服的(OPV)，或者 灭活和非肠道给药。在全球范围内，口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗受到青睐 有几个原因：它非常接近于食物和体液免疫 由野生型感染诱导，生产简单且价格低廉，OPV 易于管理，并可提供群体免疫力。然而，大多数 有关口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗的免疫原性数据来源于 在发展中国家的居民中，血清转换 对口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗的反应很差。最近的疫情证明了这一点。 尽管水平很高，但在热带地区发生了脊髓灰质炎 口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗的免疫效果。这些观察引起了人们对例行公事的担忧 口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗接种时间表可能不足以实现全球 根除野生脊髓灰质炎病毒感染。努力提高血清转化率 因此，在发展中国家，C)包括使用质量 假定疫苗接种活动将压倒个人和社区 肠道病毒定植。关于这类运动的长期影响的数据 肠道病毒的传播是有限的，感染的影响 OPV上的肠道病毒和其他肠道病毒仍未确定。这个 本研究的目的是确定质量和常规口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗的效果。 口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗接种与免疫原性的关系 肠道病毒感染和OPV免疫原性之间的关系。这个 大众接种与常规接种的影响以及肠道接种的影响 病毒感染对OPV免疫原性的影响将通过 监测肠道病毒、轮状病毒、肠道感染 腺病毒、星状病毒和诺沃克病毒与OPV的血清学反应 居住在墨西哥农村的新接种疫苗的婴儿。最近 开发的免疫分析和核酸探针将被用来检测 研究病毒。

Paralytic poliomyelitis continues to be a major health problem in developing countries. Prevention strategies are based on polio vaccines which are either live, attenuated and orally administered (OPV) , or inactivated and parenterally administered. Globally, OPV has been favored for several reasons: it closely mimics alimentary and humoral immunity induced by wild type infection, production is simple and inexpensive, OPV is easy to administer, and may provide herd immunity. However, most immunogenicity data regarding OPV are derived from studies in developed countries, whereas among residents of developing countries, seroconversion to OPV has been poor. Evidence of this is demonstrated by recent outbreaks of poliomyelitis which have occurred in tropical areas despite high levels of immunization with OPV. These observations raise concern that routine OPV immunization schedules may be inadequate to achieve the goal of global eradication of wild poliovirus infection. Efforts to improve seroconversion in developing countries have therefore C)included the use of mass vaccination campaigns postulated to overwhelm individual and community enterovirus colonization. Data on the longterm effect of such campaigns on enterovirus circulation are limited, and the influence of infection with enteroviruses and other enteric viruses on OPV is still undetermined. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of mass and routine OPV vaccination on the immunogenicity of OPV and to evaluate the relationship between infection with enteric viruses and the immunogenicity of OPV. The influence of mass versus routine vaccination, and the influence of enteric virus infection on the immunogenicity of OPV will be investigated by monitoring enteric infection with enterovirus, rotavirus, enteric adenovirus, astrovirus and Norwalk virus, and serologic response to OPV in newly vaccinated infants living in a rural Mexican village. Recently developed immunoassays and nucleic acid probes will be used to detect the study viruses.