PHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF ESOPHAGEAL MOTILITY

本研究的主要目的是：(L)了解其成因 食道下括约肌(LES)的基础音调；(2)识别 引起LES松弛的抑制性神经递质的性质 吞咽后；以及(3)了解蠕动的机制及其 食管体异常。这些研究将在 麻醉的负鼠。猫和狗将被用于某些实验 以识别任何物种的变异。将研究基础括约肌音调 在分离的分散的食道下段平滑肌细胞中 括约肌。LES的肌电记录及对其影响的研究 单细胞的跨膜电位将有助于确定产生电的基础 基音的。将进行组织学研究，以确定 LES内神经元和壁内神经元的类型。的性质 抑制性递质将通过药理学研究进行评估，通过 有关抑制物质的性质的调查 迷走神经刺激括约肌时LES的静脉引流 松弛和对壁间神经元的免疫组织化学研究。 将通过记录电信号来研究蠕动的机制。 迷走神经传出神经的活动。电活动与管腔内 会记录压力对食管体和食管壁的影响 对反应潜伏期、速度和方向的不同操纵 蠕动的影响将会被研究。

The major objectives of this research are: (l) to understand the genesis of basal tone in the lower esophageal sphincter (LES); (2) to identify the nature of the inhibitory neurotransmitter that causes relaxation of the LES upon swallowing; and (3) to understand the mechanism of peristalsis and its abnormalities in the esophageal body. These studies will be performed in anesthetized opossums. Cats and dogs will be used in certain experiments to identify any species variations. Basal sphincter tone will be studied in isolated dispersed smooth muscle cells from the lower esophageal sphincter. Electromyographic recordings of the LES and study of transmembrane potential in single cells will help define electrogenic basis of basal tone. Histological studies will be done to define the density of neurons and the types of intramural neurons in the LES. The nature of inhibitory transmitter will be evaluated by pharmacologic studies, by investigation of the nature of the inhibitory substance that is related in the venous drainage of the LES during vagally stimulated sphincter relaxation and by immunohistochemical studies on the intramural neurons. The mechanism of peristalsis will be investigated by recording electrical activity in the vagal efferents. Electrical activity and intraluminal pressures will be recorded for the esophageal body and influence of different manipulation on latencies of response and speed and orientation of peristalsis will be investigated.