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The use of genome mining and protein engineering to generate novel xylan and cellulose degrading enzymes

利用基因组挖掘和蛋白质工程产生新型木聚糖和纤维素降解酶

基本信息

批准号：
BB/K001949/1
负责人：
Harry Gilbert
金额：
$ 45.36万
依托单位：
Newcastle University
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2013 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FK001949%2F1
关键词：
use genome mining protein engineering

项目摘要

The use of fossil fuels in the energy and chemical industries is no longer tenable; they represent a finite resource and their use results in carbon dioxide emissions, which is a major cause of global warming. There is, therefore, an urgent need to find alternative sources of liquid fuels that are renewable and do not have an adverse effect on the environment. Lignocellulosic biomass is a promising substrate for biofuel production as it is not a food source, is more abundant than starch, and its use is carbon dioxide neutral. A significant limitation in the use of lignocellulosic biomass in the biofuel industry is its recalcitrance to enzyme attack. Thus, cellulose, the major polysaccharide in lignocellulosic biomass, is chemically simple but its highly crystalline structure makes it inaccessible to enzymes that act as hydrolases. Recent studies, however, have identified novel enzymes that could improve the efficiency of plant cell wall deconstruction. Thus, several reports have shown that oxidases cleave bonds in crystalline regions of cellulose, leading to increased access to hydrolase attack. Significant advances have also been made in the degradation of xylan, the major matrix polysaccharide in lignocellulosic biomass. It was widely believed that degradation of the main chain of xylan required the removal of side chains prior to attack by xylanases. It is now apparent that a cohort of xylanases not only accommodate side chains, but actually display an absolute requirement for these decorations. We have also shown that it is possible to introduce novel functionalities into the active site of biotechnologically significant arabinofuranosidases that assist in removing the side chains from xylan. The generation of such multifunctional enzymes has the potential to simplify the biocatalysts required to deconstruct plant cell walls, and thus increase the economic potential of lignocellulosic biomass as a substrate for the biofuel industry. In this project we will explore the mechanism by which cellulose oxidases, arabinoxylanases and multifunctional arabinofuranosidase/xylanases recognize their target substrates. The data will provide a blueprint for further enhancing the efficiency of the plant cell wall degrading catalytic toolbox.

能源和化工行业不再使用化石燃料；它们代表着有限的资源，其使用会导致二氧化碳排放，这是全球变暖的主要原因。因此，迫切需要寻找可再生且不会对环境产生不利影响的液体燃料替代来源。木质纤维素生物质是生物燃料生产的有前途的基质，因为它不是食物来源，比淀粉更丰富，并且其使用是二氧化碳中性的。在生物燃料工业中使用木质纤维素生物质的一个显着限制是其对酶攻击的抵抗力。因此，纤维素是木质纤维素生物质中的主要多糖，化学性质简单，但其高度结晶结构使其无法被充当水解酶的酶接触。然而，最近的研究发现了可以提高植物细胞壁解构效率的新型酶。因此，一些报告表明，氧化酶会裂解纤维素结晶区域中的键，导致水解酶攻击的机会增加。木聚糖（木质纤维素生物质中的主要基质多糖）的降解也取得了重大进展。人们普遍认为，木聚糖主链的降解需要在木聚糖酶攻击之前去除侧链。现在很明显，一组木聚糖酶不仅容纳侧链，而且实际上表现出对这些装饰的绝对要求。我们还表明，可以将新颖的功能引入具有生物技术意义的阿拉伯呋喃糖苷酶的活性位点，以帮助从木聚糖中去除侧链。这种多功能酶的产生有可能简化解构植物细胞壁所需的生物催化剂，从而增加木质纤维素生物质作为生物燃料工业底物的经济潜力。在这个项目中，我们将探索纤维素氧化酶、阿拉伯木聚糖酶和多功能阿拉伯呋喃糖苷酶/木聚糖酶识别其靶底物的机制。这些数据将为进一步提高植物细胞壁降解催化工具箱的效率提供蓝图。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（4）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

The Mechanism by Which Arabinoxylanases Can Recognize Highly Decorated Xylans.

DOI：
10.1074/jbc.m116.743948
发表时间：
2016-10-14
期刊：
The Journal of biological chemistry
影响因子：
0
作者：
Labourel A;Crouch LI;Brás JL;Jackson A;Rogowski A;Gray J;Yadav MP;Henrissat B;Fontes CM;Gilbert HJ;Najmudin S;Baslé A;Cuskin F
通讯作者：
Cuskin F

Recognition of xyloglucan by the crystalline cellulose-binding site of a family 3a carbohydrate-binding module.

DOI：
10.1016/j.febslet.2015.07.009
发表时间：
2015-08-19
期刊：
FEBS letters
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Hernandez-Gomez MC;Rydahl MG;Rogowski A;Morland C;Cartmell A;Crouch L;Labourel A;Fontes CM;Willats WG;Gilbert HJ;Knox JP
通讯作者：
Knox JP

The Contribution of Non-catalytic Carbohydrate Binding Modules to the Activity of Lytic Polysaccharide Monooxygenases.