Understanding the role of lipases in controlling seed storage oil composition

了解脂肪酶在控制种子储存油成分中的作用

基本信息

批准号：
BB/K002147/1
负责人：
Peter Eastmond
金额：
$ 69.17万
依托单位：
Rothamsted Research
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2013 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FK002147%2F1
关键词：
Understanding role lipases controlling seed

项目摘要

Vegetable oils (triacylglycerols) are an important source of human nutrition and also serve as a versatile feedstock for the chemical industry; in many cases providing a sustainable substitute for petrochemicals. The properties of these oils determine their use and are dependent on the types of fatty acids that are attached at each of the three positions on the glycerol backbone. It has long been a goal of scientist to create crops producing 'designer' oils that are tailored for specific applications. Substantial progress has been made in understanding how different fatty acids are made but a lack of knowledge concerning how they can be incorporated efficiently into oil is currently proving a barrier to the commercial realization of many designer oilseed crops. Investigation of how fatty acids are assembled into oil has revealed that the process is complex in plants and, in addition to the substrate specificity of the enzymes that attach each fatty acid, various editing mechanism exist that also help determine which fatty acids are incorporated and which are not. Lipases are one family of enzymes that have been proposed to play a role in this editing/remodeling but none have been characterized. We have therefore used a genetic screen to identify at least two lipase mutants that are altered in the fatty acid composition of their seed oil. The objective of this research is to understand how these lipases control fatty acid composition of oil, to discover whether others can be found, and also to determine if they contribute to the barriers that limit the accumulation of two high-value 'unusual' fatty acids in a designer oilseed crop.

植物油（三酰基甘油）是人类营养的重要来源，也是化学工业的多功能原料。在许多情况下，为石化物提供了可持续的替代品。这些油的特性决定了它们的使用，并取决于甘油主链三个位置附着的脂肪酸类型。长期以来，科学家一直是生产针对特定应用程序量身定制的“设计师”油的作物的目标。在理解如何制造不同的脂肪酸方面，已经取得了重大进展，但是缺乏有关如何有效纳入石油的知识，目前证明了许多设计师油料种子作物的商业实现障碍。研究如何将脂肪酸组装到油中的研究表明，该过程在植物中很复杂，除了附着每种脂肪酸的酶的底物特异性外，还存在各种编辑机制，这些机制也有助于确定哪些脂肪酸已掺入并且不融合。脂肪酶是一个酶家族，已提议在这种编辑/重塑中发挥作用，但没有任何特征。因此，我们已经使用了一个遗传筛选来鉴定至少两个脂肪酶突变体，这些脂肪酶突变体在其种子油的脂肪酸组成中改变。这项研究的目的是了解这些脂肪酶如何控制油的脂肪酸组成，发现是否可以找到其他脂肪酸，并确定它们是否有助于限制在设计剂油料种子中限制两种高价值“异常”脂肪酸的障碍。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（10）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Arabidopsis uses two gluconeogenic gateways for organic acids to fuel seedling establishment.

DOI：
10.1038/ncomms7659
发表时间：
2015-04-10
期刊：
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
影响因子：
16.6
作者：
Eastmond, Peter J.;Astley, Holly M.;Parsley, Kate;Aubry, Sylvain;Williams, Ben P.;Menard, Guillaume N.;Craddock, Christian P.;Nunes-Nesi, Adriano;Fernie, Alisdair R.;Hibberd, Julian M.
通讯作者：
Hibberd, Julian M.

Seed Storage Reserve Analysis.

种子储存储备分析。

DOI：
10.21769/bioprotoc.1263
发表时间：
2014
期刊：
Bio-protocol
影响因子：
0.8
作者：
Van Erp H
通讯作者：
Van Erp H

Fatty acids in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are synthesized by the host plant

DOI：
10.1126/science.aan0081
发表时间：
2017-06-16
期刊：
SCIENCE
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Luginbuehl, Leonie H.;Menard, Guillaume N.;Eastmond, Peter J.
通讯作者：
Eastmond, Peter J.

Biomass oil crops: more than a pipe dream?

生物质油料作物：不仅仅是一个白日梦？

DOI：
10.4155/bfs.13.77
发表时间：
2014
期刊：
Biofuels
影响因子：
0
作者：
Eastmond P
通讯作者：
Eastmond P

Natural variation in acyl editing is a determinant of seed storage oil composition.

DOI：
10.1038/s41598-018-35136-6
发表时间：
2018-11-26
期刊：
Scientific reports
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Menard GN;Bryant FM;Kelly AA;Craddock CP;Lavagi I;Hassani-Pak K;Kurup S;Eastmond PJ
通讯作者：
Eastmond PJ