SELF-HELP MODELS & INTERVENTIONS FOR SMOKING CESSATION

这项拟议的研究旨在开发更有效的自助 戒烟模式和干预措施。尽管吸烟是 最可预防的癌症原因是，5000万美国人继续吸烟。 大多数吸烟者报告说，他们不会参加正规治疗 计划，但将使用自助材料。因此，有一个 迫切需要开发和传播更有效的模式和 对希望自己戒烟的个人进行干预。这个 提出的研究是对自我改变十年研究的延续 戒烟方法由Grant CA27821资助。建议数 研究将采取阶段特定的自助戒烟计划， 在第三阶段的研究和技术转让中最有希望 传播到更大规模的第四阶段确定的吸烟者群体 属于健康维护组织。我们的第一阶段、第二阶段和第三阶段 研究为调查和干预提供了基础 变化每个阶段的主题：预想、沉思、准备 用于行动、行动、复发和维持。这是第四阶段的样本 吸烟者将被主动招募，以便更多的预见者和 沉思者将构成这个样本。该项目将评估我们的 自助、阶段特定的干预措施通过利用流程到- 结果衡量标准。在研究I中，将使用交叉的析因设计 1、2、3和6个串联触点，具有交互式、基于计算机的和 非交互式干预。不同串联触点之间的比较 条件将阐明一系列治疗效果。计划中的比较将 澄清互动式、基于计算机的干预是否比 与非交互式手册相比，它更具效率和成本效益。研究报告II 比较了我们的标准计算机交互的两个增强版本 程序，一个利用尼古丁褪色的手持计算机模式和 另一种是辅导员呼叫情态。数据分析将确定 这些吸烟的最有效、最具成本效益和最普遍的因素 戒烟干预为传播到更大的V期做准备 人口。这项研究旨在通过以下方式为癌症控制做出贡献 制定和评估更有效的自助模式和干预措施 有可能提供交互式且经济高效的自助服务 针对整个吸烟者群体的计划。

The proposed research is designed to develop more effective self-help models and interventions for smoking cessation. Although smoking is the most preventable cause of cancer, 50 million Americans continue to smoke. MOst smokers report that they would not attend formalized treatment programs but would use self-help materials. Consequently, there is an urgent need to develop and disseminate more effective models and interventions for individuals wishing to quit smoking on their own. The proposed research is a continuation of ten years of research on self-change approaches to smoking cessation funded by Grant CA27821. The proposed study will take stage-specific, self-help smoking cessation programs that have been most promising in Phase III research and transfer the technology for dissemination to a larger scale Phase IV defined population of smokers belonging to a Health Maintenance Organization. Our Phase I, II, and III research provides the foundation for investigation of and intervention with subjects at each stage of change: precontemplation, contemplation, ready for action, action, relapse and maintenance. This Phase IV sample of smokers will be recruited proactively, so that more precontemplators and contemplators will comprise this sample. This project will assess how our self-help, stage-specific interventions work by utilizing process-to- outcome measures. In Study I a factorial design will be used which crosses 1, 2, 3, and 6 serial contacts with both interactive, computer-based and non-interactive interventions. Comparisons across different serial contact conditions will clarify serial treatment effects. Planned comparisons will clarify whether interactive, computer-based interventions are more effective and cost-effective compared to non-interactive manuals. Study II compares two enhanced versions of our standard computer interactive program, one utilizing a nicotine fading, hand-held computer modality and the other a counselor calling modality. Data analyses will identify the most effective, cost effective, and generalizable elements of these smoking cessation interventions in preparation for dissemination to larger Phase V populations. This research is designed to contribute to cancer control by developing and evaluating more effective self-help models and interventions that have potential for providing interactive yet cost-effective self-help programs for entire populations of smokers.