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CESBIC--Critical Enzymes for Sustainable Biofuels from Cellulose

CESBIC--从纤维素中生产可持续生物燃料的关键酶

基本信息

批准号：
BB/L000423/1
负责人：
Paul Walton
金额：
$ 93.48万
依托单位：
University of York
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2013 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FL000423%2F1
关键词：
CESBIC Critical Enzymes Sustainable Biofuels

项目摘要

Sugar can be fermented to ethanol which can then be distilled to give ethanol good enough to be used as a fuel. This is bioethanol. Bioethanol is a 'sustainable fuel' meaning that its production and use has a significantly lower impact on the environment than oil or gas. It can make a major contribution to meeting our future energy demands. Why then don't we make more use of bioethanol? The answer lies in the sugar that is needed to make it in the first place. To be sustainable the sugars need to come primarily from plants. However, plants only produce relatively small amounts of sugar. Most of a plant's energy is tied up in a material called cellulose (essentially the material that gives a plant its structure), which-whilst it is made up of individual sugar units-cannot be efficiently broken down into its individual sugar units and therefore cannot be fermented. This means that the vast majority of a plant is useless in producing bioethanol.Therefore, there has been a global search for a means of converting cellulose to sugar which is both efficient and simple. Such a solution now appears to be within our grasp. It turns out that fungi do this chemistry all of the time, by secreting enzymes which attack the cellulosic plant material they are degrading. Very recently these enzymes were isolated and studied. They were shown to be unprecedented in terms of their structure and biochemical function. It is clear that we need to study these enzymes in much more detail to make the best use of them.This project aims to do exactly that, not only by studying the enzymes themselves, but also seeing how these can be then used directly in industry to make bioethanol. The project brings together some of the leading investigators from the UK, Denmark and France. We will take what is called a 'genomics to catalyst' approach, where the genomics allows to understand the full range of fungal enzymes that are used to degrade cellulose, and the 'catalyst' part is developing this knowledge to working industrial catalysts.

糖可以发酵成乙醇，乙醇可以蒸馏成足够好的乙醇，可以用作燃料。这是生物乙醇生物乙醇是一种“可持续燃料”，这意味着它的生产和使用对环境的影响比石油或天然气要小得多。它可以为满足我们未来的能源需求做出重大贡献。那么，我们为什么不更多地利用生物乙醇呢？答案在于首先需要的糖。为了可持续发展，糖需要主要来自植物。然而，植物只产生相对少量的糖。植物的大部分能量都集中在一种叫做纤维素的物质中（基本上是赋予植物结构的物质），虽然纤维素是由单个的糖单位组成的，但它不能有效地分解成单个的糖单位，因此不能发酵。这意味着植物的绝大部分在生产生物乙醇方面是无用的。因此，全球一直在寻找一种既有效又简单的将纤维素转化为糖的方法。这样的解决办法现在似乎在我们的掌握之中。事实证明，真菌一直在进行这种化学反应，通过分泌酶来攻击它们正在降解的纤维素植物材料。最近，这些酶被分离和研究。它们在结构和生化功能方面是前所未有的。很明显，我们需要更详细地研究这些酶，以便最好地利用它们。这个项目的目的正是为了做到这一点，不仅要研究酶本身，还要研究如何将这些酶直接用于工业生产生物乙醇。该项目汇集了来自英国、丹麦和法国的一些主要调查人员。我们将采取所谓的“从基因组学到催化剂”的方法，其中基因组学允许了解用于降解纤维素的全部真菌酶，而“催化剂”部分正在将这些知识发展为工业催化剂。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（8）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Structural and electronic determinants of lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase reactivity on polysaccharide substrates.

DOI：
10.1038/s41467-017-01247-3
发表时间：
2017-10-20
期刊：
Nature communications
影响因子：
16.6
作者：
Simmons TJ;Frandsen KEH;Ciano L;Tryfona T;Lenfant N;Poulsen JC;Wilson LFL;Tandrup T;Tovborg M;Schnorr K;Johansen KS;Henrissat B;Walton PH;Lo Leggio L;Dupree P
通讯作者：
Dupree P

Discovery and characterization of a new family of lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases.

DOI：
10.1038/nchembio.1417
发表时间：
2014-02
期刊：
NATURE CHEMICAL BIOLOGY
影响因子：
14.8
作者：
Hemsworth, Glyn R.;Henrissat, Bernard;Davies, Gideon J.;Walton, Paul H.
通讯作者：
Walton, Paul H.

Structural and electronic determinants of lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase reactivity on polysaccharide substrates

多糖底物上裂解多糖单加氧酶反应性的结构和电子决定因素

DOI：
10.17863/cam.13622
发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
0
作者：
Dupree P
通讯作者：
Dupree P

The molecular basis of polysaccharide cleavage by lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases.

DOI：
10.1038/nchembio.2029
发表时间：
2016-04
期刊：
Nature chemical biology
影响因子：
14.8
作者：
Frandsen KE;Simmons TJ;Dupree P;Poulsen JC;Hemsworth GR;Ciano L;Johnston EM;Tovborg M;Johansen KS;von Freiesleben P;Marmuse L;Fort S;Cottaz S;Driguez H;Henrissat B;Lenfant N;Tuna F;Baldansuren A;Davies GJ;Lo Leggio L;Walton PH
通讯作者：
Walton PH

Structure and boosting activity of a starch-degrading lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase.

DOI：
10.1038/ncomms6961
发表时间：
2015-01-22
期刊：
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
影响因子：
16.6
作者：
Lo Leggio, Leila;Simmons, Thomas J.;Poulsen, Jens-Christian N.;Frandsen, Kristian E. H.;Hemsworth, Glyn R.;Stringer, Mary A.;von Freiesleben, Pernille;Tovborg, Morten;Johansen, Katja S.;De Maria, Leonardo;Harris, Paul V.;Soong, Chee-Leong;Dupree, Paul;Tryfona, Theodora;Lenfant, Nicolas;Henrissat, Bernard;Davies, Gideon J.;Walton, Paul H.
通讯作者：
Walton, Paul H.