Roots for the Future - A systematic approach to root design [SUREROOT]

Roots for the Future - 根部设计的系统方法 [SUREROOT]

• 批准号: BB/L009889/1
• 负责人: Michael Humphreys
• 金额: $ 114.2万
• 依托单位: Aberystwyth University
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2014 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FL009889%2F1
• 关键词: Roots; Future; systematic; approach; root

The increasing frequency of extreme climate events in the UK suggests the approach of the 'Perfect Storm' described by Beddington (2009). In 2012 an early season drought followed by extreme rainfall and flooding over extensive areas of the UK drove the need for the 'climate smart' agriculture that will be used here to address the dual challenges of climate change and food security. Over an 80h period in November 2012, more than 46 x 106L of rain fell on the North Wyke Farm Platform (NWFP), 90% of which was immediately lost as overland flow or in drainage. Droughts also challenge the sustainability of UK grasslands and occur increasingly in winter where the warmer temperatures now encountered encourage continued winter growth placing drought susceptible varieties at risk. UK grasslands occupy 65% of all available agricultural land and unlike most other crops comprise perennial species that provide crop yields over many years. The combination of their extensive land-cover and persistency provides grasslands opportunities for environmental service in addition to their traditional roles as high quality forage for livestock agriculture. This is achieved through selection of the appropriate varieties and when necessary their modification, and improved grassland management, with benefits likely to persist over years. Grasslands provide catchments for many UK rivers and act as regulators of water capture, its release, and quality dependent on their composition. IBERS is widely recognised for innovative approaches to breeding grass and clover varieties. However, variety development has untill now neglected programmes to improve root design or the opportunities for improved root-soil interactions that will deliver improved soil structure, hydrology, nutrient use and reduce the compaction that compromises crop yields. A recent BBSRC study published in Nature Scientific Reports (involving the PI of this proposal) demonstrated the potential for a novel grass species hybrid to initiate significant root-soil interactions that would if reproduced at the field-scale generate significant benefits in terms of flood control (DOI:10.1038/srep01683). Equivalent results have been recorded in white clover. In the current project, the potential of both for flood control will be assessed at the field scale, independently and as mixtures. The project will use two new BBSRC-supported National Capabilities: the National Plant Phenomics Centre (NPPC) and the North Wyke Farm Platform (NWFP). The project will investigate at different scales from the individual plant genotype, to the plot, through to the crop the potential for environmental service that may be achieved through a modified root design or growth pattern. The results achieved from the NPCC and NWFP facilities will be validated by testing selected varieties on commercial farms in diverse locations and under alternative livestock management systems.The proposal will use the latest BBSRC high-throughput phenomic and genomic technologies, with a suite of well characterised and relevant experimental populations together with molecular markers to engage in marker-assisted breeding for improved root designs in elite forage grass and clover varieties. Plant materials suitable for entry into National List trials will be developed within the time-course of the project. This proposal is being submitted through the BBSRC stand-alone LINK scheme. The project will benefit from the involvement of industrial partners that represent the various sectors of the UK grassland and livestock industry allowing for identification and review of key targets, and evaluation of the impact of the research, dissemination of the results within the grassland sector, and uptake and delivery of project outcomes.

英国极端气候事件的频率越来越高，这表明Beddington（2009年）描述的“完美风暴”正在接近。2012年，英国大范围地区的早期干旱，随后是极端降雨和洪水，这推动了对“气候智能”农业的需求，这种农业将用于应对气候变化和粮食安全的双重挑战。在2012年11月的80小时内，超过46 x 106 L的降雨落在北怀克农场平台（NWFP）上，其中90%立即流失为地表径流或排水。干旱也对英国草原的可持续性提出了挑战，而且越来越多地发生在冬季，现在遇到的温暖气温鼓励冬季继续生长，使易受干旱影响的品种处于危险之中。英国草地占所有可用农业用地的65%，与大多数其他作物不同，它包括多年提供作物产量的多年生物种。除了作为畜牧业优质饲料的传统作用外，其广泛的土地覆盖和持久性的结合为草地提供了环境服务的机会。这是通过选择适当的品种和必要时对其进行修改以及改善草地管理来实现的，其效益可能会持续多年。草地为许多英国河流提供集水，并作为水捕获，释放和质量取决于其组成的监管机构。IBERS以创新的方法培育草和三叶草品种而广受认可。然而，品种开发至今忽视了改善根系设计的方案或改善根系与土壤相互作用的机会，这将改善土壤结构、水文、养分利用并减少损害作物产量的压实。最近发表在《自然科学报告》上的一项BBSRC研究（涉及该提案的PI）证明了一种新的草种杂交种启动显着的根-土壤相互作用的潜力，如果在田间规模上繁殖，将在防洪方面产生显着的效益（DOI：10.1038/srep 01683）。在白色三叶草中记录了相同的结果。在目前的项目中，将在实地规模上评估两者的防洪潜力，单独评估和混合评估。该项目将使用两个新的BBSRC支持的国家能力：国家植物表型学中心（NPPC）和北怀克农场平台（NWFP）。该项目将在不同的尺度上调查从单个植物基因型到地块，再到作物，通过改变根系设计或生长模式可能实现的环境服务潜力。NPCC和NWFP设施取得的成果将通过在不同地点的商业农场和替代牲畜管理系统下测试选定的品种来验证。该提案将使用最新的BBSRC高通量表型和基因组技术，与一套充分表征和相关的实验人群一起，分子标记，从事标记-在优良牧草和三叶草品种中进行改良根系设计的辅助育种。将在项目期间开发适合列入国家清单试验的植物材料。该提案是通过BBSRC独立LINK计划提交的。该项目将受益于代表英国草原和畜牧业各部门的工业合作伙伴的参与，从而可以确定和审查关键目标，评估研究的影响，在草原部门传播成果，以及项目成果的吸收和交付。

项目成果

Poster "Genetic Mapping of Root Traits in Lolium Perenne" - Proceedings of the 20th Eucarpia General Congress

海报“黑麦草根性状的遗传图谱” - 第 20 届 Eucarpia 大会论文集

• 发表时间: 2016
• 作者: Allen D

Global agricultural intensification during climate change: a role for genomics.

• DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12467
• 发表时间: 2016-04
• 期刊: Plant biotechnology journal
• 影响因子: 13.8
• 作者: Abberton M;Batley J;Bentley A;Bryant J;Cai H;Cockram J;de Oliveira AC;Cseke LJ;Dempewolf H;De Pace C;Edwards D;Gepts P;Greenland A;Hall AE;Henry R;Hori K;Howe GT;Hughes S;Humphreys M;Lightfoot D;Marshall A;Mayes S;Nguyen HT;Ogbonnaya FC;Ortiz R;Paterson AH;Tuberosa R;Valliyodan B;Varshney RK;Yano M
• 通讯作者: Yano M

Registration of 'Hidden Valley' Meadow Fescue

“隐谷”草甸羊茅的注册

• DOI: 10.3198/jpr2015.03.0011crc
• 发表时间: 2015
• 期刊: Journal of Plant Registrations
• 影响因子: 0.8
• 作者: Casler M

An assessment of genetic diversity within a collection of natural Lolium perenne ecotypes from across Europe

对欧洲各地天然黑麦草生态型集合内遗传多样性的评估

• 发表时间: 2015
• 作者: Gasior, D

Phylogenetic analysis of Festuca-Lolium complex using SRAP markers

• DOI: 10.1007/s10722-015-0324-5
• 发表时间: 2016-01-01
• 期刊: GENETIC RESOURCES AND CROP EVOLUTION
• 影响因子: 2
• 作者: Cheng, Yajuan;Ma, Xiao;Zhang, Xin Quan
• 通讯作者: Zhang, Xin Quan