13TSB_ACT: Seaweed as a Solution for Sustainable Economic and Environmental Development

任务1.1生长系统的优化。生产率可以用每单位面积的产量和每单位抽水体积的产量来定义。系统的占地面积和抽水量都直接影响到生产成本。将开发一个最大限度地提高生物质产量和质量，同时最大限度地减少足迹和抽水的生产系统。这将基于两个公认的行业标准：锥形底部圆形罐（paxtons）和v型底部滚道。任务1.2生长条件的优化。物理参数，如光效、温度、营养物质和pH值都影响海藻生长的速度，从而影响系统的生产力。基于MaraWeed项目的初步结果，这些变量将针对任务1.1中试用的生产系统进行优化。复制生产单元和定期监测一系列短期实验（1个月）将用于确定生产系统的最佳参数。Task 1.3开发新技术，增加生产季节。初步研究表明，白昼长度可能是海藻产量的最大限制因素。为了克服这一限制，将试验使用节能的LED照明系统。这将首先在SAMS进行控制和复制的实验室规模试验，以确定哪些系统是合适的，并证明成本效益。任务2.1比较野生收获和栽培海藻的营养状况。将按季度比较野生收获和栽培海藻的营养状况。此外，将在两个时间段对野生和养殖海藻进行全金属分析。任务2.2发展有机害虫防治系统。将测试三种害虫控制系统，以确定它们减少食草动物和污染生物的功效。这些将是淡水，过氧化氢和碘处理。本署会在沙洲公园进行小规模试验，以测试防治食草动物及污染生物的成效；将为更大规模的生产设施制定规程。任务3.1 of of海藻养殖与现有水产养殖的整合。为了确定开发一个综合系统是否有好处，将把OF孵化场的流出与复制海藻生产单元的流入联系起来。Task3.2集成系统的性能监控。生产力和质量（使用与任务2.1相同的参数）将在6个月的时间内对集成系统进行监控。任务3.3综合系统效益分析。将分析进入和离开综合系统的水的营养成分（硝酸盐、铵、磷酸盐）。这将决定该系统从水产养殖废物中去除营养负荷的效率。该数据将与生产率数据和产品质量数据相结合，进行成本效益分析。两种新种海藻营养生长的实验室规模试验。SP1和SP2将在SAMS进行小规模的重复试验，以确定它们是否适合大规模生产。这些试验将包括确定海藻是否可以在滚筒式培养中生长，或者是否需要固定。任务4.2观察新种类海藻的有性繁殖。阐明海藻的全部生活史是出了名的困难。然而，在任务4.1期间，将继续观察这两种海藻的性发育和产卵迹象。Task4.3新型海藻的中试商业化种植。在T4.1中产生的信息将用于在of开发和运行两个物种的中试规模栽培。

Task 1.1 Optimisation of growing systems.Productivity can be defined both in terms of production per unit area, and production per unit volume of pumped water. Both the footprint of the system and the amount of water pumped directly impacts on the cost of production. A production system that maximises biomass production and quality while minimising on footprint and water pumping will be developed. This will be based on two accepted industry standards: conical bottom circular tanks (paxtons) and v bottom raceways. Task 1.2 Optimisation of the growth conditions. Physical parameters such as light availability, temperature, nutrients, and pH all affect the rate that seaweeds grow at and thence the productivity of the system. Building on the preliminary results from the MaraWeed project these variables will be optimised for the production systems trialled in Task 1.1. Replicated production units and regular monitoring over a series of short duration experiments (1 month) will be used to define the optimal parameters for the production system.Task 1.3 Development of new technology to increase the production season. The preliminary study has indicated that day length is likely to be the largest constraint on the productivity of the seaweed. To overcome this constraint the use of energy efficient LED lighting systems will be trialled. This will initially be done in controlled and replicated lab scale trials at SAMS to determine which systems are appropriate, and to demonstrate cost effectiveness. Task 2.1 Compare the nutritional profile of wild harvest and cultivated seaweeds. Nutritional profiles will be compared on a quarterly basis between wild harvested and cultivated seaweeds. In addition a full metal analysis will be conducted on both wild and cultivated seaweeds at two time periods.Task 2.2 Development of organic pest control systems. Three pest control systems will be tested to determine their efficacy of reducing grazers and fouling organisms. These will be freshwater, hydrogen peroxide, and iodine treatments. Small scale trial of the effectiveness against grazers and fouling organisms will be conducted at SAMS; protocols will be developed for larger scale production facilities.Task 3.1 Integration of seaweed cultivation with existing aquaculture at OF. To determine if there are benefits from developing an integrated system the outflow from the OF hatchery will be connected to the inflow of replicated seaweed production units. Task3.2 Performance monitoring of the integrated system. The productivity and quality (using same parameters as task 2.1) will be monitored for the integrated system over the course of 6 months.Task 3.3 Benefit analysis of the integrated system. The nutrient content (nitrate, ammonium, phosphate) of the water entering and leaving the integrated system will be analysed. This will determine the efficiency of the system to remove nutrient loading from aquaculture wastes. This data will be combined with the productivity data, and product quality data to perform cost benefit analysis of integrations.Task 4.1 Lab scale trials on the vegetative growth of two new species of seaweed. SP1 and SP2 will be grown at small scale in replicated trials at SAMS to determine whether they are suitable for large scale production. These trials will include determining whether the seaweeds will grow in tumble culture or if they need to be fixedTask 4.2 Observation of sexual reproduction in new species of seaweed. Elucidation of the full life history of seaweeds is notoriously difficult. However for the duration of task 4.1 the two species of seaweed will be kept under observation for signs of sexual development and spawning. Task4.3 Pilot scale commercial cultivation of new seaweeds. The information generated in T4.1 will be used to develop and run pilot scale cultivations of the two species at OF.