14TSB_ATC_IR Genome biobanking for the optimisation of valuable broiler genetic stocks

14TSB_ATC_IR 用于优化有价值的肉鸡遗传种群的基因组生物库

• 批准号: BB/M011895/1
• 负责人: Michael McGrew
• 金额: $ 50.66万
• 依托单位: University of Edinburgh
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2014 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FM011895%2F1
• 关键词: 14TSB_ATC_IR; Genome; biobanking; optimisation; valuable

This project will develop novel technology to safeguard and harness existing poultry genetic resources by i) biobanking genetic resources for broiler lines using PGCs (the chicken functional equivalent of the mammalian stem cell) to preserve genotypes and therefore have the potential to re-introduce genotypes as needed into poultry production systems. Recent developments using PGCs provide a business opportunity to exploit a novel technology to safeguard and manage unique genetic pedigree breeding flocks. Currently there is no way to reconstitute pedigree stocks if lost to disease or natural disaster. Valuable lines that could contain useful alleles for developing markets are either maintained as living flocks or are culled from the production process. A proven biobanking procedure, coupled with complete genotyping of the biobanked material, will permit the storage of PGCs which can be returned to production as needed. Unlike mammalian agricultural species, the broiler industry is hindered by the limited semen cryopreservation program and semen storage technologies that are only reliable for hours, not days, months, or years. The use of chicken PGCs (stem cells) as a cryopreservation system has recently developed (van de Lavoir, 2006) and has not yet been developed by any of the large commercial poultry breeders. We intend to preserve the Vantress heritage line of chickens, a/the founder line for the current Cobb pedigree broiler lines that we have kept extant for the last fifty years. It thus represents an ancestral pool of genes from which the genomes of the modern lines have been selected. It will therefore include potentially useful alleles that have already been lost from the modern lines, or may be lost in the future with further selection. Cryopreserving genetic material is only one part of an integrated program to access and preserve genetic diversity required for the development of new products for emerging and transforming market segments. A careful assessment of the available genetic variation, along with an understanding of which alleles are critical for driving key performance traits is necessary to exploit the existing genetic diversity in commercial and non-commercial genetic stocks. Recent advances in sequencing technologies and efforts have provided a valuable assembly of a reference chicken genome. As the product of a publically and privately funded consortium, the effort focused on the ancestor of the modern chicken, the red jungle fowl. However, to effectively utilize genomic selection strategies in the commercial industry, a comprehensive understanding of the alleles and associated phenotypic traits of commercial purelines must be completed. To this end, this project will undertake ii) further DNA sequencing and annotation of the genomic sequence of a broiler line to produce a GeneAtlas; model for better understanding genetic variation in modern broiler lines. Currently, our ability to understand variability within and between lines of chickens is hampered by the incomplete state of the current chicken genome build and the distant relationship between modern broiler lines and the red jungle fowl. A broiler GeneAtlas will allow the exploitation of broiler genetic variability for the introgression of biobanked genetic material into new pureline populations. This broiler Atlas will be specific for Cobb commercial purelines and ancestral Cobb broiler lines. This will be a unique resource that will enable Cobb to select traits from within their various production flocks for specific markets.

该项目将通过i）使用PGC（鸡肉功能相当于哺乳动物干细胞的鸡肉功能等效）来保护遗传资源来保护和利用现有的家禽遗传资源，以保留基因型，从而保留基因型，从而将基因型重新介绍为所需的基因型。使用PGC的最新发展为利用新技术来保护和管理独特的遗传谱系繁殖植物提供了商机。目前，如果因疾病或自然灾害而丢失，则无法重新建立谱系库存。可能包含有用等位基因的发展等位基因的有价值的线路要么被维持为活羊群，要么被从生产过程中剔除。经过验证的生物库，再加上生物群体的完整基因分型，将允许储存PGC，可以根据需要将其返回到生产中。与哺乳动物的农业物种不同，肉鸡行业受到有限的精液冷冻保存计划和精液存储技术的阻碍，这些技术仅在数小时而不是几天，几天或几年内可靠。鸡肉PGC（干细胞）用作冷冻保存系统（Van de Lavoir，2006年），尚未由任何大型商业家禽育种者开发。我们打算保留鸡遗产线的鸡，这是当前的Cobb谱系肉套线的创始人线，我们在过去的五十年中一直保持现存。因此，它代表了一个祖先的基因库，从中选择了现代线的基因组。因此，它将包括已经从现代线中丢失的潜在有用的等位基因，或者将来可能会随着进一步的选择而丢失。冷冻遗传材料只是综合计划的一部分，即开发新产品以访问和保留用于新兴和转变市场细分市场所需的遗传多样性。对可用遗传变异的仔细评估，以及对哪种等位基因对推动关键性能特征至关重要的理解，对于利用商业和非商业遗传股票中现有的遗传多样性是必要的。测序技术和努力的最新进展为参考鸡基因组提供了宝贵的组装。作为一个公开和私人资助的财团的产物，这项工作集中在现代鸡的祖先《红色丛林禽》的祖先上。但是，为了有效利用商业行业的基因组选择策略，必须完成对商业purelines的等位基因和相关表型特征的全面理解。为此，该项目将进行ii）进一步的DNA测序和肉鸡线基因组序列的注释，以产生基因组；更好地了解现代肉鸡线中遗传变异的模型。当前，我们了解鸡内和之间的变异性的能力受到当前鸡基因组构建的不完整状态以及现代肉鸡线和红色丛林禽之间的遥远关系的阻碍。肉鸡基因将允许剥削肉鸡遗传变异性，以将生物群体遗传物质渗入新的纯线种群中。该肉鸡地图集将针对Cobb商业胸腔和祖先Cobb肉鸡系。这将是一种独特的资源，它将使Cobb能够从其在特定市场的各种生产群中选择特征。

项目成果

Cryopreservation of specialized chicken lines using cultured primordial germ cells.

• DOI: 10.3382/ps/pew133
• 发表时间: 2016-08-01
• 期刊: Poultry science
• 影响因子: 4.4
• 作者: Nandi S;Whyte J;Taylor L;Sherman A;Nair V;Kaiser P;McGrew MJ
• 通讯作者: McGrew MJ

Avian Primordial Germ Cells Are Bipotent for Male or Female Gametogenesis.

• DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.726827
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Frontiers in cell and developmental biology
• 影响因子: 5.5
• 作者: Ballantyne M;Taylor L;Hu T;Meunier D;Nandi S;Sherman A;Flack B;Henshall JM;Hawken RJ;McGrew MJ
• 通讯作者: McGrew MJ

Direct allele introgression into pure chicken breeds using Sire Dam Surrogate (SDS) mating.

• DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20812-x
• 发表时间: 2021-01-28
• 期刊: Nature communications
• 影响因子: 16.6
• 作者: Ballantyne M;Woodcock M;Doddamani D;Hu T;Taylor L;Hawken RJ;McGrew MJ
• 通讯作者: McGrew MJ

Efficient TALEN-mediated gene targeting of chicken primordial germ cells.

• DOI: 10.1242/dev.145367
• 发表时间: 2017-03-01
• 期刊: Development (Cambridge, England)
• 作者: Taylor L;Carlson DF;Nandi S;Sherman A;Fahrenkrug SC;McGrew MJ
• 通讯作者: McGrew MJ

FGF, Insulin, and SMAD Signaling Cooperate for Avian Primordial Germ Cell Self-Renewal.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2015.10.008
• 发表时间: 2015-12-08
• 期刊: Stem cell reports
• 影响因子: 5.9
• 作者: Whyte J;Glover JD;Woodcock M;Brzeszczynska J;Taylor L;Sherman A;Kaiser P;McGrew MJ
• 通讯作者: McGrew MJ