210 POLONIUM RADIATION AND DITHIOLS

210 钋辐射和二硫醇

• 批准号: 3193311
• 负责人: H VASKEN APOSHIAN
• 金额: $ 9.82万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1988
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1988-07-08 至 1991-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3193311
• 关键词: alpha radiation; dimethylsulfoxide; dithiol; environmental contamination; environmental radiation; ionizing radiation; laboratory rat; minings; nuclear medicine; occupational hazard; physical chemical interaction; radiation dosage; radiation hazard; radiation protection; radiation sensitivity; radionuclides; radon

210Polonium is a radioactive daughter of radon. It is an alpha emitter and thus hazardous if allowed to enter the body. For man, inhalation and ingestion are the major portals of entry. There have been "disasters" caused by accidents with 210Po, e.g. the Windscale accident in England. One of the occupational dangers of uranium miners is 210Po inhalation. There has been recent concern about radon and 210Po concentrations in the interior air of poorly ventilated buildings and homes resulting from materials used in site preparation and/or construction materials. In addition, accidents in nuclear facilities have occurred with 210Po. The results of a small preliminary experiment in this laboratory indicate that the administration of either DMSA or DMPA, water soluble and less toxic analogs of BAL, protects rats from a subacute lethal dose of 210Po. Our aims are to confirm and expand the results of the initial preliminary experiment, to determine whether BAL analogs redistribute 210Po from radiation sensitive tissue (e.g. spleen) to radiation insensitive tissues (e.g. muscle), to determine if these dithiols increase 210Po excretion and to determine whether BAL and its less toxic analogs differ in life-saving activity in rats given a lethal dose of 210Polonium. These studies can help evaluate the damage done to a living body by the presence of alpha emitters in mining environments, in some poorly ventilated work places and houses, in nuclear facilities and other environments. In addition, it can make experimental information available to physicians who have to treat humans after exposure to alpha emitters.

钋是氡的放射性子体。 它是一个阿尔法发射器， 因此，如果允许进入人体，则是危险的。 对于男性，吸入和 摄入是主要的入口 曾经有过“灾难” 由210 Po的事故引起，例如英格兰的Windscale事故。 铀矿工人的职业危害之一是吸入210 Po。 最近，人们对地下水中氡和210 Po的浓度表示关注。 通风不良的建筑物和住宅的内部空气， 用于场地准备的材料和/或建筑材料。 在 此外，210 Po也曾发生过核设施事故。 这个实验室的一个小的初步实验结果表明， DMSA或DMPA的施用，水溶性和更少的， BAL的毒性类似物保护大鼠免受亚急性致死剂量的210 Po。 我们的目标是确认和扩大初步的初步结果， 实验，以确定BAL类似物是否重新分配210 Po从 辐射敏感组织（例如脾）至辐射不敏感组织 (e.g.肌肉），以确定这些二硫醇是否增加210 Po排泄， 以确定BAL及其毒性较小的类似物在挽救生命方面是否存在差异， 给予致命剂量的210钋的大鼠的活动。 这些研究可以帮助评估生物对人体造成的损害， 采矿环境中存在阿尔法发射体， 通风的工作场所和房屋，在核设施和其他 环境. 此外，它还可以使实验信息可用 给那些必须治疗暴露于阿尔法辐射体的人的医生。