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Climate Genomics for Farm Animal Adaptation

农场动物适应气候基因组学

基本信息

批准号：
BB/M019276/1
负责人：
Michael Bruford
金额：
$ 29.01万
依托单位：
CARDIFF UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2015 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FM019276%2F1
关键词：
Climate Genomics Farm Animal Adaptation

项目摘要

ClimGen is a project that focuses on the identification and use of 'omics technology for building livestock resilience to climate change. Bringing together previous and ongoing national, EU and global efforts to understand livestock adaptation to climatic extremes, the project will seek to identify genomic tools and biomarkers that can be used to predict adaptation in livestock populations to thermal and related challenges. Alongside scientific investigation, ClimGen will also develop and assess the efficacy of modified breeding strategies that use 'omics information to rapidly equip livestock populations with the resilience that will be required to withstand the predicted negative effects of climate change in the short, medium and long-term. ClimGen will also act as a source of relevant information for Stakeholders, who will both participate in and influence the development of the project. ClimGen's activities can be divided into three. First we will carry out a data-mining and gap filling exercise for identifying genomic targets of selection in cattle, sheep and goat populations that occur in challenging climates throughout Europe and in northern and central Africa. Replicated climate contrast data will be analysed from across Europe, including new samples in the Carpathian region, data for cattle and sheep in the extreme north and data for sheep and goats in the extreme south (Morocco). In this way ClimGen will make maximum use of data that have already been generated but not analysed to detect adaptation across climates and will only concentrate on producing data in hotspot regions where it is most needed.Second, we will carry out three case study experiments to find biomarkers of climate adaptation within the transcriptome and epigenome. These studies will analyse contrasting systems and seek to detect profile changes in 1) sheep and goats in contrasting thermal environments, 2) in pigs under thermal stress with controlled temperature environments and 3) in red-legged partridges under immune and thermal stress. Biomarker responses will be compared among these diverse systems and compared with the selection targets identified in the first activity.Finally, these data will be used in an assessment of new strategies for breeding climate resilience into livestock populations using state-of-the-art simulations, assuming different approaches such as admixture and genomic selection, which will be compared with more traditional breeding methods in terms of their comparative efficiency over short, medium and longer timescales.

ClimGen是一个项目，重点是确定和使用“组学”技术，以建立牲畜对气候变化的适应能力。该项目汇集了以前和正在进行的国家，欧盟和全球努力，以了解牲畜对极端气候的适应，该项目将寻求确定可用于预测牲畜种群对热和相关挑战的适应的基因组工具和生物标志物。除了科学调查，ClimGen还将开发和评估改良育种策略的有效性，这些策略使用“组学信息”迅速使牲畜种群具备抵御短期、中期和长期气候变化预期负面影响所需的适应力。ClimGen还将作为利益相关者的相关信息来源，他们将参与并影响项目的发展。ClimGen的活动可分为三个方面。首先，我们将进行数据挖掘和填补空白的工作，以确定在整个欧洲和北方和中部非洲具有挑战性的气候条件下发生的牛，绵羊和山羊种群的基因组选择目标。将分析来自欧洲各地的重复气候对比数据，包括喀尔巴阡山地区的新样本、最北端的牛羊数据和最南端（摩洛哥）的绵羊和山羊数据。通过这种方式，ClimGen将最大限度地利用已经生成但尚未分析的数据来检测气候之间的适应性，并且只集中于最需要的热点地区的数据。其次，我们将进行三个案例研究实验，以在转录组和表观基因组中找到气候适应性的生物标志物。这些研究将分析对比系统，并试图检测1）绵羊和山羊在对比热环境中的概况变化，2）在受控温度环境下的热应激下的猪，3）在免疫和热应激下的红腿鹧鸪。生物标志物的反应将在这些不同的系统之间进行比较，并与第一次活动中确定的选择目标进行比较。最后，这些数据将用于评估利用最先进的模拟将气候适应力培育到牲畜种群中的新策略，假设不同的方法，如混合和基因组选择，将其与更传统的育种方法在短、中、长时间尺度上的比较效率方面进行比较。