DRUG USE IN THE WORKPLACE: PREVALENCE, REASONS, & IMPACT

这项申请建议继续一项研究计划，以 工作场所吸毒的流行病学和后果。它 解决改进评估药物使用方法的需要，并 就业环境中的相关因素，以及这些因素与 组织结构和补救政策，如涉及 尿检和EAP。具体目标有三个：(1)审查 基于以下方面改进患病率估计的员工调查替代方案 药物的自我报告数据(通常代表低端估计) 通过检查各种替代措施的使用和其他问题行为 涉及主位技巧、态度原型和最少 优先选择同事；(2)开发用于评估的调查工具 处理药物滥用的公司政策和程序具有良好的 心理测量学特性，这将很容易适用于广泛的 就业环境的多样性--特别是那些人数较少的就业环境 员工和有限的资源；以及(3)重复调查 不同时间和不同使用设置的仪器组件 研究估计的稳定性以及药物使用的变化 与轮班相关的流行率和员工态度 组织结构和政策。 早些时候，NIDA提供了一笔为期两年的赠款，用于试验#年的调查技术 基于近2000个分层样本的大型市政环境 德克萨斯州圣安东尼奥的市政雇员。建议的续期5年 将扩大研究计划，将另一个大城市(Fort 价值)以及几个较小的郊区或农村直辖市和 私人公司。对1000个分层样本的重复调查 沃斯堡的城市雇员将在第一年和第四年接受培训 圣安东尼奥的市政雇员将在第二年接受重新评估，并将有几个 较小的组织将在第3年接受调查。第5年将使用 完成数据分析，包括跨时间和跨时间结果的比较 跨网站，并发布调查结果。 基于在前圣安东尼奥成功使用的程序 调查中，完整的员工工作组将随机选择并 代表管理部门、熟练的技术人员、办事员 和服务工作类别。参与将是自愿的，但 将认真努力，通过使用咨询来最大限度地促进合作 管理层和员工代表组成协调一致的小组 向工作组通报目的、时间和时间的策略 调查必须保密。在圣安东尼奥，75%的员工 对这一战略作出了合作回应(同意的比例相同 在尿检调查后提供尿样)。自我- 报告数据将与随机尿检和 沃思堡市正在进行的EAP转介，50% 圣安东尼奥受访者的样本将被选为尿检对象 在调查管理部门之后。调查结果将以下列形式提供 向参与站点及其员工以及BE提供反馈 在专业会议和专业文献中发表。

This application proposes to continue a program of research into the epidemiology and consequences of drug use in the workplace. It addresses the needs to improve methodologies for assessing drug use and associated factors in employment settings, and how these relate to organization structure and remedial policies such as those involving urine testing and EAPs. There are three specific aims: (1) to examine employee survey alternatives for improving prevalence estimates based on self-report data (which generally represent low-end estimates) for drug use and other problem behaviors by examining various surrogate measures involving nominative techniques, attitude prototypes, and least preferred co-workers; (2) to develop survey instruments for assessing company policies and procedures dealing with drug abuse which have good psychometric properties and which will be readily applicable to a wide variety of employment settings -- especially those with smaller numbers of employees and limited resources; and (3) to replicate the survey instrument components across time and different employment settings for studying stability of estimates as well as changes in drug use prevalence and employee attitudes that are related to shifts in organizational structure and policies. An earlier 2-year NIDA grant was used to pilot-test survey techniques in a large municipal setting, based on a stratified sample of almost 2000 city employees in San Antonio, Texas. The proposed 5-year continuation will expand the research program to include another large city (Fort Worth) as well as several smaller suburban or rural municipalities and private companies. Replicated surveys on a stratified sample of 1000 city employees in Fort Worth will be conducted in Years 1 and 4, 1000 city employees in San Antonio will be resurveyed in Year 2, and several smaller organizations with be surveyed in Year 3. Year 5 will be used to finish data analyses involving comparisons of results across time and across sites, and publication of findings. Based on procedures successfully used in the previous San Antonio survey, intact employee workgroups will be selected randomly and represent a cross-section of management, skilled technical, clerical, and services job categories. Participation will be voluntary, but careful efforts will be made to maximize cooperation by using advisory groups of management and employee representatives in a coordinated strategy to inform workgroups of the purpose, timing, and confidentiality of the survey. In San Antonio, 75% of employees responded cooperatively to this strategy (and the same percentage agreed to provide urine specimens after the survey for urinalyses). Self- report data will be compared with results of random urine testing and EAP referrals being conducted by the City of Fort Worth, and a 50% sample of the San Antonio respondents will be targeted for urine testing following the survey administration. Survey results will be given as feedback to participating sites and their employees, as well as be presented at professional meetings and in the professional literature.