MEASUREMENT AND PREDICTION OF AIDS RISK IN IV DRUG USERS

静脉吸毒者艾滋病风险的测量和预测

• 批准号: 3213963
• 负责人: DAVID R GIBSON
• 金额: $ 21.3万
• 依托单位: HEALTHRIGHT 360
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-09-30 至 1993-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3213963
• 关键词: AIDS; anxiety; belief; bias; data collection methodology /evaluation; decision making; disease /disorder proneness /risk; drug addiction; forensic medicine; health behavior; heroin; high risk behavior /lifestyle; human subject; interview; intravenous drug abuse; questionnaires; sex behavior; social support network; statistics /biometry

Research on behavior related to transmission of HIV involves collecting highly sensitive information about sexual activity and drug use. As yet little is known about how best to gather such information. The proposed study will assess methods for increasing validity of self-reports of high- risk IV drug-related and sexual behaviors. Using a 2x2x2 factorial design, 200 heroin detoxification clients and 200 "street users" of heroin will be randomly assigned to one of the eight interview schedules to test which interview formats (closed-ended vs. open-ended questions, long vs. short questions, questions with standard vs. familiar wording) minimize underreporting of high-risk behavior. These formats were chosen on the basis of literature suggesting that they may have substantial impact on levels of reporting where the content of questions is threatening or where socially desirable responses are expected. We will also assess the extent to which socially desirability, question threat, and sexual self-disclosure affect self-reported high-risk behavior. We will attempt to validate self- reports of needle-sharing with forensic tests of syringes furnished by IV drug-using subjects. We will compare the responses of a subsample of 50 IV drug using couples to questions about high-risk sexual practices, and randomly assign subjects to male and female interviewers to determine the extent of subject by interviewer sex interactions. As a check on self- reported condom use, subjects will be offered condoms at research interviews with records kept of the number of condoms taken and subject's plans for using them. The proposed study additionally will develop and evaluate measures of attitudes and beliefs predicting high-risk behavior. The framework for this effort is the AIDS Risk Reduction Model, which incorporates aspects of the Health Belief Model, self-efficacy theory, interpersonal influences, emotions such as anxiety, decision-making theory, and help-seeking models. The measure will be used to estimate regression models of high-risk behavior to guide preventive efforts with IV drug users.

与HIV传播相关的行为研究涉及收集 有关性行为和吸毒的高度敏感信息。到目前为止 关于如何最好地收集此类信息，人们知之甚少。建议数 研究将评估提高高中生自我报告有效性的方法。 与毒品和性行为有关的风险IV。采用2x2x2析因设计， 200名海洛因戒毒客户和200名海洛因“街头吸毒者”将被 随机分配到八个面试计划中的一个，以测试 面试形式(封闭式与开放式、长式与短式 问题，标准措辞与熟悉措辞的问题)最小化 低报高危行为。这些格式是在 文献基础表明，它们可能会对 问题内容具有威胁性或具有威胁性的报告级别 预计会出现令人满意的社会反应。我们还将评估其程度 社会合意性、问题威胁和性自我表露 影响自我报告的高危行为。我们将尝试验证自我 IV提供的与注射器法医测试共用针头的报告 吸毒者。我们将比较50个IV样本的反应 向吸毒夫妇提出关于高危性行为的问题，以及 随机分配受试者给男性和女性面试者，以确定 面试者性别互动的主题范围。作为对自我的一种检查 报告避孕套使用情况，研究人员将向受试者提供避孕套 采访记录了避孕套的使用数量和受试者的 使用它们的计划。拟议的研究还将发展和 评估预测高危行为的态度和信念的衡量标准。 这一努力的框架是减少艾滋病风险模式，该模式 结合了健康信念模型、自我效能理论、 人际影响，焦虑等情绪，决策理论， 以及寻求帮助的模特。该度量将用于估计回归 指导静脉注射药物预防工作的高危行为模式 用户。