LINGUISTIC-SPECIFIC TREATMENT OF SENTENCE PRODUCTION DEF

句子产生定义的语言特定处理

• 批准号: 3218518
• 负责人: CYNTHIA K THOMPSON
• 金额: $ 17.51万
• 依托单位: NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1992-09-01 至 1996-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3218518
• 关键词: aphasia; audiotape; human subject; human therapy evaluation; language; psycholinguistics; videotape /videodisc

The efficacy of a linguistic-specific approach for treatment of sentence production deficits in agrammatic, Broca's aphasic patients who evince difficulty with producing (and comprehending) "complex" sentences -- sentences where noun phrases (NPs) have been moved out of their canonical positions is examined in this research. In consideration of aspects of theoretical linguistics (i.e., Government Binding theory (Chomsky, 1981, 1986)) and the linguistic, psycholinguistic, and neurolinguistic literature on sentence processing, this treatment was designed explicitly for training complex sentences by controlling linguistic properties known to underlie sentence formation and by emphasizing linguistic principles used across different sentence types. Exploiting the underlying linguistic representation of sentences, subjects will be trained to appreciate the thematic role assignments of sentential NPs and to operate the required movement to eventually derive surface forms of Wh questions, object clefts, and passive sentences (i.e., considering "Move Alpha" rules -- either Wh- or Np-Movement (Chomsky, 1981)). In a series of experiments, single- subject experimental designs are utilized to study the relation among trained and untrained sentences while carefully controlling lexical and syntactic properties. The following experimental questions are posed: 1) Does treatment of particular Wh-movement structures (e.g., "What" questions) result in generalized production of untrained structures relying on similar Wh-movement (e.g., "Who" questions)?; 2) does treatment of sentences derived from Wh-movement (e.g., Wh-questions) generalize to untrained sentences (e.g., object clefts) that are very different in their surface realizations, yet are also derived from Wh-movement?; 3) does training structures derived from Wh-movement generalize to untrained structures derived from NP-movement, and vice versa?; 4) does generalization from more to less complex sentences relying on either Np- or Wh-movement result from this training (with complexity defined in terms of the number of NPs in the surface form of sentences and in terms of the inherent complexity of the verb's representation)?; 5) does treatment affect aspects of spontaneous discourse?; 6) does production treatment influence comprehension?; and (7) how does 'linguistic-specific' treatment compare with other treatments for sentence production deficits? This research will potentially result in new and efficacious treatment for aphasic individuals with sentence production deficits. If our hypotheses are correct concerning the need to consider the underlying representation of aberrantly produced sentences, then generalization across sentences relying on the same mechanisms but with different surface forms should be noted. Further, the extent to which learning and generalization patterns follow predictions made based on linguistic theory, will provide information concerning the value of such theories for predicting breakdown and recovery patterns in aphasia.

针对特定语言处理句子的方法的有效性 失语症Broca‘s失语症患者表现出生产缺陷 产生(和理解)“复杂”句子的困难-- 名词短语(NP)已被移出其规范的句子 在这项研究中，职位被考察。考虑到以下方面 理论语言学(即，政府约束理论(Chomsky，1981， 1986))和语言学、心理语言学和神经语言学文献 在句子处理方面，这种处理方法是专门为训练而设计的 通过控制已知的语言属性来实现复合句 句子构成和强调跨语言使用的语言原则 不同的句子类型。挖掘潜在的语言 句子的表征，受试者将接受训练，以欣赏 句子名词性短语的主位角色分配及其操作要求 移动最终派生出WH疑问句、宾语裂隙、 和被动句(即，考虑“移动阿尔法”规则--或者WH-- 或NP运动(Chomsky，1981))。在一系列实验中，单一的- 利用受试实验设计，研究了不同性别之间的关系 训练过的和未训练过的句子，同时仔细控制词汇和 语法属性。提出了以下试验性问题： 1)对特定的WH移位结构(例如，“什么”)进行处理 问题)导致未经训练的结构依赖于 关于类似的WH移位(例如，“谁”的问题)；2)治疗 从WH-移位派生的句子(例如，WH-疑问句)概括为 未经训练的句子(例如，宾语分裂)在它们的 表面实现，但也派生自WH-移动？；3)是否 从WH-运动派生的训练结构推广到未训练 从NP-移位派生的结构，反之亦然？ 基于NP-or从复杂程度较高的句子到复杂程度较低的句子的概括 WH-移动是该培训的结果(其复杂性定义为 句子表层形式中的NP的数量以及根据 动词表示的内在复杂性)；；5)处理 影响自发话语的方方面面？6)产出性治疗吗？ 影响理解？；以及(7)“特定语言”的处理方式 与其他治疗句子发音缺陷的方法相比？ 这项研究可能会导致新的有效的治疗方法 有句子发音缺陷的失语症患者。如果我们的假设 关于需要考虑基本表现形式的观点是正确的 异常产生的句子，然后在句子之间进行概括 依靠相同的机制但具有不同的表面形式应该是 注意到了。此外，学习和概括模式的程度 遵循基于语言学理论的预测，将提供 关于这些理论对预测崩溃的价值的信息 失语症的康复模式。