WORD FREQUENCY AND THE PROPER/COMMON DIMENSION IN SPEECH

言语中的词频和适当/通用维度

• 批准号: 3217533
• 负责人: Douglas H Whalen
• 金额: $ 11.64万
• 依托单位: HASKINS LABORATORIES, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1991-04-01 至 1994-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3217533
• 关键词: adult human (21+); auditory discrimination; auditory stimulus; form /pattern perception; human subject; language; sound frequency; speech; vocabulary

Recent theoretical positions in both liguistics and psychology have emphasized the interaction of various levels of analysis in the production and perception of speech. The proposed research will explore the interaction of various domains by looking at acoustic measurements of spoken homonyms which differ in frequency either directly (e.g., "through"/"threw") or by a difference in the proper name/common word dimension (e.g., "Art"/"art"). Acoustic differences, especially duration, will be examined to see if thay are evenly distributed across phonemes, indicating that the lexical status of a word exerts an influence throughout its production, as with small changes in speaking rate. Alternatively, thedifferences could be concentrated in one class of phonemes, suggesting that the articulatory plans themselves differ. Small changes in speaking rate will be induced experimentally to help sort out the possibilities. Proposing separate representations will require some rethinking of the links between phonological representations, but would argue for a division between phonology and the lexicon. Postulating a continuing link between the sound production and the lexicon will be compatible with theories which have no divisions within the language system, but will require an exacting control mechanism to account for the small size of the effects of frequency. While the primary purpose of using proper names as stimuli is to increase the number of homonymous pairs of English words, it is also of interest to establish whether they belong in the lexicon proper. This will be tested directly by seeing if the auditory presentation of a homonymous first name (e.g., "Art") primes the associates of its homonym (e.g., "museum". from "art"), has been found for common word homonyms. If names behave juat as common homonyms, then the definition of the lexicon must be expanded to include them, changing the conception of lexical neighborhoods, phoneme frequencies, and letter frequencies. If names seem to exist in their own lexicon, it will be important to establish that lexicon's connection with the phonology (since proper names are phonologically regular) and with the tests of language capabilitythat occur in such deficits as aphasia. The results will give us further insight into the central role of the lexicon not just in determining the distributional characteristics of a language, but of its ongoing implementation as well.

最近在语言学和心理学的理论立场， 强调了分析中各个层次的相互作用， 言语的产生和感知。 该研究将探讨 通过观察声学测量， 在频率上直接不同的口语同音异义词（例如， “through”/“thrown”）或通过专有名称/常用词的差异 尺寸（例如，“Art”/“art”）。 声学差异，特别是 时间，将被检查，看看他们是否均匀分布在整个 音素，表明一个词的词汇地位发挥了作用， 影响，影响贯穿于其生产过程中，如说话时的微小变化 率 或者，差异可能集中在一个类中， 这表明发音计划本身是不同的。 说话速率的微小变化将通过实验来诱导， 找出各种可能性 分别提出申述， 需要重新思考音系学和 表示，但会主张音位学和 词典 假设声音的产生与 而这个词汇将与没有划分的理论兼容 在语言系统中，但需要严格的控制 机制来解释频率效应的小尺寸。 虽然使用专有名词作为刺激的主要目的是 增加英语单词的同音异义词对的数量，也是 我们有兴趣确定它们是否属于适当的词汇。 这 将直接测试，看看是否听觉呈现的一个 姓氏的名字（例如，“艺术”）引发其同音异义词的联想 (e.g.,“博物馆”。从“艺术”），已被发现的共同词同音异义词。 如果名称的行为只是作为常见的同音异义词，那么 词汇必须扩大，包括他们，改变概念， 词汇邻域、音素频率和字母频率。 如果 名字似乎存在于他们自己的词典中，重要的是 建立词汇与语音联系（因为适当 名字在语音上是有规律的）， 失语症等缺陷中出现的能力。 结果将给出 我们进一步深入了解词汇的中心作用，不仅在 决定一种语言的分布特征，但其 也正在实施中。