NEUROBIOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF SPEECH

言语的神经生物学基础

• 批准号: 6654151
• 负责人: Douglas H Whalen
• 金额: $ 17.7万
• 依托单位: HASKINS LABORATORIES, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-09-01 至 2003-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6654151
• 关键词: behavioral /social science research tag; brain electrical activity; electromyography; hearing; human subject; magnetic resonance imaging; neural information processing; neurobiology; phonology; psycholinguistics; speech recognition; young adult human (21-34)

Our aim in Project II is to explore the neurobiological foundations of speech using tools that allow us to monitor brain activity directly. Two major foci of attention are tests of our motor theory of speech perception. We will find the locus of phonetic processing in the brain. We expect to find a discrete locus, consistent with the motor theory's claim that phonetic processing is achieved by a system that is distinct from the auditory processing system. In addition, we will explore neurobiological properties of the module. A specific goal is to test the claim that the module recruits brain systems that control speech production in the service of speech perceptions. Another goal is to explore the role of lexicality in phonetic processing. We know from behavioral research that the way in which a listener identifies an ambiguous phone can be affected by which possible identity, in combination with the other phones in a sequence, forms a read word of the language. We will ask how the lexicality of an acoustically presented sequence of phonetic segments affects the location and magnitude of brain activation. A final goal is to explore the role of morphological structure in the mental lexicon. Our colleagues have explored this issue in relation to visual word recognition. We focus on auditory word recognition.

我们在项目II中的目标是使用允许我们直接监测大脑活动的工具来探索言语的神经生物学基础。注意力的两个主要焦点是对我们的言语知觉运动理论的测试。我们将找到语音处理在大脑中的位置。我们希望找到一个离散的轨迹，与运动理论的主张相一致，即语音处理是由一个系统，这是从听觉处理系统不同。此外，我们将探讨该模块的神经生物学特性。一个具体的目标是测试声称该模块招募大脑系统，控制语音生产服务的语音感知。另一个目的是探讨词汇性在语音加工中的作用。我们从行为研究中知道，听者识别一个模糊音素的方式会受到哪种可能的身份的影响，这种身份与序列中的其他音素结合在一起，形成了语言的读词。我们将探讨语音片段的声学呈现序列的词汇性如何影响大脑激活的位置和幅度。最后一个目标是探索形态结构在心理词汇中的作用。我们的同事已经在视觉单词识别方面探索了这个问题。我们专注于听觉单词识别。