Enhancing crop diversity and ecosystem services to promote biological control of fall armyworm in smallholder cropping systems

增强作物多样性和生态系统服务，促进小农种植系统中草地贪夜蛾的生物防治

• 批准号: BB/R020795/1
• 负责人: Toby Bruce
• 金额: $ 140.73万
• 依托单位: Keele University
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2018 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FR020795%2F1
• 关键词: Enhancing; crop; diversity; ecosystem; services

Smallholder farming communities in sub-Saharan Africa are particularly vulnerable to crop losses to pests because they generally cannot afford pesticides and as subsistence farmers, they depend directly on the crops for their food security. Fall armyworm has recently invaded and rapidly spread across large areas of Africa, where it has become a major threat to agriculture and sustainable food production. This invasion is a serious and growing threat to food security and livelihoods and already affects at least 400,000 ha causing estimated crop losses worth $3 billion a year. Our project will employ a four-pronged attack on the fall armyworm, utilising the natural defence mechanisms of the crop and companion plants. Firstly, we will assess the natural resistance levels of the maize millet and sorghum crops available to the farmers to determine which varieties would be most robust against the fall armyworm. We will then attempt to drive pests away from the main crop using a repellent intercrop (push), whilst attracting them to alternative locations with trap plants (pull). This technique is known as a "Push-Pull" companion cropping system and is used currently, successfully, against stemborer pests. Finally, we will attempt to utilise the defence mechanism of other companion plants to bring in local predators of the crop pet. These 'early herbivore varieties' are able to detect insect eggs that have been laid on them and emit odours to attract the natural enemies of the pests to the area where the crop is being cultivated. This novel design of pest management based on the four strategies of resist, expel, trap and kill should provide a novel cropping system which can withstand attack by fall army worm and other major pests.Design of such a system requires a detailed understanding of the predators and parasites that are the key natural enemies of the invasive fall armyworm in Kenya. Therefore, a major part of this project will be to understand the current pest and predator relationship where the crops are being grown. Once determined, we will be able to test how such companion cropping and early alert crops could mitigate crop losses to the fall army worm using crops that are readily available to the farmers in Kenya. Such a system could only be generated through close partnership with the local farmers. We will co-design solutions with them so that that we can be assured from the onset that the novel cropping system that is created is not just appropriate for their requirements but can be feasibly implemented with the resources available to them.

撒哈拉以南非洲的小农农业社区特别容易遭受虫害造成的作物损失，因为他们一般买不起农药，而且作为自给农民，他们的粮食安全直接依赖作物。秋粘虫最近入侵并迅速蔓延到非洲大片地区，已成为农业和可持续粮食生产的主要威胁。这种入侵对粮食安全和生计构成了日益严重的威胁，已经影响到至少40万公顷土地，造成估计每年30亿美元的作物损失。我们的项目将采用四管齐下的攻击秋季粘虫，利用作物和伴生植物的自然防御机制。首先，我们将评估农民可获得的玉米、小米和高粱作物的自然抗性水平，以确定哪些品种对秋粘虫的抗性最强。然后，我们将尝试使用驱虫间作（推）将害虫从主作物上赶走，同时使用诱捕植物（拉）将它们吸引到替代位置。这种技术被称为“推拉”伴随种植系统，目前已成功用于防治蛀茎害虫。最后，我们将尝试利用其他伴生植物的防御机制，引入当地的掠食者。这些“早期草食动物品种”能够探测到产在它们身上的昆虫卵，并发出气味，将害虫的天敌吸引到作物种植的地区。这种基于抵抗、驱逐、诱捕和杀死四种策略的新型害虫管理设计应该提供一种新的种植系统，该系统可以抵御秋粘虫和其他主要害虫的攻击，这样一个系统的设计需要详细了解捕食者和寄生虫，它们是肯尼亚入侵秋粘虫的主要天敌。因此，该项目的一个主要部分将是了解目前的害虫和捕食者的关系，作物正在种植。一旦确定，我们将能够测试这种伴生作物和早期预警作物如何使用肯尼亚农民容易获得的作物来减轻秋军虫造成的作物损失。只有与当地农民建立密切的伙伴关系，才能建立这样一个系统。我们将与他们共同设计解决方案，这样我们就可以从一开始就确信，所创建的新型种植系统不仅适合他们的要求，而且可以在他们可用的资源范围内切实可行。

项目成果

Field evaluation of a new third generation push-pull technology for control of striga weed, stemborers, and fall armyworm in western Kenya

• DOI: 10.1017/s0014479721000260
• 发表时间: 2022-02-08
• 期刊: EXPERIMENTAL AGRICULTURE
• 影响因子: 1.6
• 作者: Cheruiyot, Duncan;Chidawanyika, Frank;Khan, Zeyaur R.
• 通讯作者: Khan, Zeyaur R.

Editorial

社论

• DOI: 10.1017/s135577181400003x
• 发表时间: 2014
• 期刊: Organised Sound
• 影响因子: 0.6
• 作者: Blackburn M

A climate-adapted push-pull system effectively controls fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J E Smith), in maize in East Africa

• DOI: 10.1016/j.cropro.2017.11.003
• 发表时间: 2018-03-01
• 期刊: CROP PROTECTION
• 影响因子: 2.8
• 作者: Midega, Charles A. O.;Pittchar, Jimmy O.;Khan, Zeyaur R.
• 通讯作者: Khan, Zeyaur R.

Evaluation of African Maize Cultivars for Resistance to Fall Armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Larvae.

• DOI: 10.3390/plants10020392
• 发表时间: 2021-02-18
• 期刊: Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
• 作者: Chiriboga Morales X;Tamiru A;Sobhy IS;Bruce TJA;Midega CAO;Khan Z
• 通讯作者: Khan Z

Could fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) invasion in Africa contribute to the displacement of cereal stemborers in maize and sorghum cropping systems

• DOI: 10.1007/s42690-020-00381-8
• 发表时间: 2021-01-27
• 期刊: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TROPICAL INSECT SCIENCE
• 影响因子: 1.2
• 作者: Hailu, Girma;Niassy, Saliou;Subramanian, Sevgan
• 通讯作者: Subramanian, Sevgan