An adaptive surface for improved modelling of rough wall bounded turbulence

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This project aims to improve the prediction of drag where fluid flows over rough surfaces. This is a significant problem, with the uncertainty in drag penalty prediction for shipping alone exceeding ten billion dollars annually. The societal importance of these flows demands action, yet novel approaches must be sought to efficiently explore the wide range of roughness types encountered in practice. An adaptive surface is proposed, where a roughness configuration can be dialled in at the press of a button, to rapidly converge on improved models. A key outcome of this project will be improved predictive models of drag for rough wall flows. Benefits will include improved efficiencies and reduced emissions across a wide range of industries.