ACUTE PULMONARY EFFECTS OF ACID FOG

酸雾对肺部的急性影响

• 批准号: 3251631
• 负责人: ROBERT FRANK
• 金额: $ 14.54万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1986
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1986-07-01 至 1990-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3251631
• 关键词: acid base balance; aerosols; air pollution; asthma; bronchus; environmental toxicology; mast cell; mathematical model; neurotransmitter receptor; questionnaires; radiotracer; respiratory airflow measurement; respiratory airway clearance; respiratory airway pressure; respiratory airway volume; respiratory function; respiratory toxin; scintillation cameras; seasons; sulfates; tobacco abuse; trachea

Acid fog, composed chiefly of H2SO4 and HNO3, occurs on a seasonal basis in Los Angeles and elsewhere in the country. The following physicochemical properties of acid fog have been reported: pH as low as 1.7, total acid mass in excess of 100 ug/m3, hypo-osmolar liquid water content of about 0.2 g/m3, and a mass median diameter of the fog droplets on the order of 15 um. We hypothesize that these fog droplets are irritating to the respiratory system. Our specific aims are to generate and characterize H2SO4-fog for the acute exposure of human volunteers. The fog will be administered in a small-volume head dome. Two groups of adults will be studied: healthy non-smokers and asthmatics. The functional end-points will include: airway reactivity, maximal expiratory flow-volume curves, respiratory flow resistance, and bronchopulmonary deposition and clearance of a radiolabeled aerosol. The possible roles of post-ganglionic nerve stimulation and mast cell mediator release in the response to acid fog will be studied.

酸雾主要由H2SO 4和HNO 3组成， 洛杉矶和全国其他地方。 下列物理化学 酸雾的性质已被报道：pH值低至1.7，总酸 质量超过100微克/立方米，低渗液态水含量约为0.2 g/m3，雾滴的质量中值直径为15 嗯. 我们假设这些雾滴刺激了 呼吸系统 我们的具体目标是生成和表征 H2SO 4-雾，用于人类志愿者的急性暴露。 雾将 在一个小容量的头罩中给药。 两组成年人将 研究对象：健康的非吸烟者和哮喘患者。 功能终点 将包括：气道反应性、最大呼气流量-容积曲线， 呼吸流动阻力和支气管肺泡沉积和清除 放射性标记的气雾剂 节后神经的可能作用 刺激和肥大细胞介质释放的反应酸雾将 被研究。