CELLULAR NEUROPHYSIOLOGY OF THE VERTEBRATE RETINA

脊椎动物视网膜的细胞神经生理学

• 批准号: 3258282
• 负责人: GARY G MATTHEWS
• 金额: $ 15.04万
• 依托单位: STATE UNIVERSITY NEW YORK STONY BROOK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1981
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1981-08-01 至 1992-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3258282
• 关键词: Xenopus; biological signal transduction; calcium; cone cell; dark adaptation; electrophysiology; fresh water environment; guanosine monophosphate; ionophores; light adaptations; membrane channels; membrane permeability; neural information processing; neural transmission; neurotransmitters; photochemistry; photostimulus; retina; rod cell; stimulus /response; synapses; visual photoreceptor; visual photosensitivity; voltage gated channel

Retinal photoreceptors sit at the interface between the brain and the visual world. Their task is central to vision: the translation of light energy into an electrical signal that can be passed along and analyzed by other cells in the nervous system. An understanding of how photoreceptors accomplish this vital task is requisite for understanding of human vision, and a number of experiments in the proposed research plan will focus on the mechanism of generation of the electrical signal within the photoreceptors. Fundamental properties of individual ion channels that underlie the electrical signal will be studied, as well as the gating of the channels by the intracellular chemical messenger, cyclic guanosine monophosphate, that is modulated by light. In these experiments, a sensitive electrical recording technique will be used to measure the ionic current flowing through a single open channel, either in an intact cell or in an excised patch of plasma membrane. Another important step in vision is the transmission of the electrical signal in the photoreceptors to other neurons in the retina; this occurs via chemical synaptic transmission, but the identity of the neurotransmitter released by the photoreceptors is unknown. Other experiments will be aimed at the identification of this neurotransmitter released from the synaptic terminals of both rod and cone photoreceptors.

视网膜感光器位于大脑和大脑之间的界面 视觉世界。 他们的任务是视觉的核心：翻译 将光能转化为可以传递的电信号 并由神经系统中的其他细胞进行分析。 一个 了解光感受器如何完成这项重要任务 理解人类视觉的必要条件，以及一些 拟议研究计划中的实验将集中于 内部电信号的产生机制 光感受器。 单个离子的基本特性 电信号的通道也将被研究 作为细胞内化学物质对通道的门控 信使，环鸟苷单磷酸，其调节 光。 在这些实验中，敏感的电记录 技术将用于测量流动的离子电流 通过单个开放通道，无论是在完整的细胞中还是在 切除的质膜斑块。 又迈出重要一步 视觉是电信号的传输 视网膜中其他神经元的光感受器；这发生通过 化学突触传递，但其身份 光感受器释放的神经递质尚不清楚。 其他实验将旨在识别这一点 从两个杆的突触末端释放神经递质 和视锥细胞感光器。