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PRESBYOPIA: THE AGING PROCESS OF ACCOMODATIVE MECHANISM

老花眼：调节机制的老化过程

基本信息

批准号：
3258638
负责人：
LASZLO Z. BITO
金额：
$ 10.33万
依托单位：
COLUMBIA UNIV NEW YORK MORNINGSIDE
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
1982
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1982-04-01 至 1988-11-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3258638
关键词：
aging animal developmental psychology animal ecology case history eye accommodation eye disorder diagnosis noninvasive diagnosis

项目摘要

While presbyopia is not a devastating opthalmological problem, it is the ony ocular affliction which affects all individuals at the prime of their productive lives. Despite this, there is very little research being done on its etiology, probably because until not there were no known animal models for presbyopia and because it has been regarded as an inevitable affliction which develops with mathematical certainty. However, this dogma is based on a study which would not meet current biostatistical standards. Recently, it has been shown that the rhesus monkey may serve as an excellent model for human presbyopia: the accommodative amplitude in this species decreases from a remarkable 30-40 diopters in one-year-olds to almost zero by the age of 31. The long-term goal of this project is to elucidate, using the rhesus monkey and possibly other suitable animal models, the mechanisms which result in a continuous decrease in the accommodative amplitude; to isolate the biological and/or environmental factors which affect the rate of this decrease and, hence, determine the onset of presbyopia; and to find means to forestall its onset. Our specific aims for the 5-year period are: to define the natural history and the time-course of development of presbyopia; and to describe the lenticular, zonular, and ciliary mechansims which are involved in normal accommodation and contribute to the age-dependent decline in accomodative amplitude. Basic information (refractive power and axial dimensions of the resting and accommodated eye, corneal curvature, etc). will be collected over a 5-year period on populations of caged rhesus at the Wisconsin Regional Primate Center (available age range: 0.5-31 years), and free-ranging rhesus (available age range: 1-20 years) at the Carribean Primate Research Center, P.R. More detailed slit-lamp photomicroscopic and dynamic refraction studies will be done on iridectomizes rhesus and/or cynomolgus eyes. Invasive experiments will also be done to identify factors which stimulate continuous lenticular growth or may in other ways contribute to the continuing decrease in accommodative amplitude. A better understanding of the biological and environmental factors which determine the rate of accomodative loss is a prerequisite for the acceptance of the inevitability of presbyopia or for finding some practical means to forestall the onset of this affliction.

虽然老视并不是一个毁灭性的眼科问题，但它却是唯一的眼部疾病，影响所有的人在他们的黄金，富有成效的生活。尽管如此，关于它的病因，可能是因为直到现在还没有已知的动物老花眼的模型，因为它已被视为一个不可避免的痛苦的发展与数学的确定性。然而，这种教条是基于一项不符合现行生物统计标准的研究。最近，有研究表明，恒河猴可能是一种一个很好的人类老视模型：物种从一岁的30-40屈光度下降到到31岁时几乎为零。该项目的长期目标是使用恒河猴和可能的其他合适的动物阐明模型，导致持续下降的机制，振幅;以分离生物和/或环境影响这一下降率的因素，因此，确定故其为先，故其为后，故其为先，故其为后。我们五年期的具体目标是：确定自然历史，老花眼发展的时间过程;并描述晶状体，小带和睫状体机制，这些机制涉及正常的调节和促进年龄依赖性下降的适应性振幅基本信息（屈光力和轴向尺寸）静止和调节的眼睛、角膜曲率等）。将收集在威斯康星州的笼中恒河猴种群的5年时间里，地区灵长类动物中心（适用年龄范围：0.5-31岁），以及在加勒比海自由放养的恒河猴（可用年龄范围：1-20岁）灵长类研究中心，P.R. 更详细的裂隙灯显微摄影和将对虹膜切除恒河猴和/或食蟹猴的眼睛还将进行侵入性实验，刺激晶状体连续生长的因素，或者可能以其他方式有助于持续降低反射振幅。更好的了解生物和环境因素，住宿损失率是接受的先决条件，老花眼的不可避免性或寻找一些实用的方法，阻止这种痛苦的发生