OCULAR FLUID COMPOSITION AND OCULAR TISSUE PHYSIOLOGY

眼液成分和眼组织生理学

• 批准号: 3255258
• 负责人: LASZLO Z. BITO
• 金额: $ 32.94万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIV NEW YORK MORNINGSIDE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1976
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1976-03-01 至 1989-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3255258
• 关键词: blood aqueous barrier; clotting factor; corneal endothelium; eicosanoid metabolism; eye disorder; eye pharmacology; homeostasis; immunologic techniques; inflammation; intraocular aqueous flow; intraocular fluid; membrane permeability; microcirculation; ocular hypotensive; prostaglandins; radioassay

This is a continuation of an integrated program designed to elucidate the mechanisms of the homeostasis of normal intraocular fluid composition and aqueous humor dynamics and to determine the role of alterations in intraocular micro-environments - as a result of pathophysiological or pathological changes in the permeability and transport functions of the blood-ocular barriers - in (age-dependent) ocular pathologies. We will continue some of our work initiated previously (such as the role of Prostaglandin and other transport processes in ocular homeostasis), but we will focus on testing and elucidating the implications of a set of hypotheses developed during that grant period. These hypotheses, most of which directly relate to our hypothesis of evolutionary divergence in ocular defense mechanisms, state or imply the following: that in some species, especially rabbits, breakdown of the blood acueous barrier (BAB) represents a sophisticated (autocoid mediated) mechanism for the delivery of clotting (and possibly other) factors for corneal repair; that in species which depend on high visual acuity, BAB breakdown occurs less readily, but fibrinogen and other proteins can enter the anterior chamber by canalicular reflux after corneal penetration; that effective BAB breakdown and canalicular reflux depend on anterior uveal and perilimbal hyperemia, respectively; that irritation-induced hyperemia at either of these sites is mediated by a similar mechanism, and possibly by the same autacoids; that episode(s) of intraocular inflammation can cause long-lasting or permanent changes in the transport properties of the blood ocular barrier and, hence, in the intraocular microenvironment, thereby contributing to such disorders as chronic simple glaucoma, presbyopia, senile cataracts and cystoid macular edema. A better understanding of ocular irritative and inflammatory responses and of species differences in these responses will not only allow the rational selection of applicable animal models for human ocular disorders, but will facilitate the development of surgical and therapeutic approaches to these disorders and the adaptation of these approaches to veterinary ophthalmology. A better understanding of the mechanisms of such responses and their control is clearly required in view of the need for increasingly sophisticated and aggressive means of extending the period of useful vision in an increasingly longevous population.

这是一个综合计划的延续，旨在阐明 正常眼内液成分的稳态机制 房水动力学并确定改变的作用 眼内微环境 - 由于病理生理或 渗透性和运输功能的病理变化 血眼屏障 - 在（年龄依赖性）眼部病变中。 我们将 继续我们之前发起的一些工作（例如 前列腺素和眼稳态中的其他运输过程），但我们 将重点测试和阐明一系列的影响 在此资助期间提出的假设。 这些假设，大部分 这与我们的进化分歧假设直接相关 眼部防御机制，陈述或暗示以下内容：在某些情况下 物种，尤其是兔子，血液屏障（BAB）的破坏 代表了一种复杂的（自体介导的）传递机制 用于角膜修复的凝血（以及可能的其他）因子；那个在 依赖于高视力的物种，BAB 分解发生较少 很容易，但纤维蛋白原和其他蛋白质可以进入前房 角膜穿透后通过小管反流；有效的 BAB 破裂和小管反流取决于前葡萄膜和角膜缘周围 充血，分别；刺激引起的充血 这些位点由类似的机制介导，并且可能由相同的机制介导 自体激素；眼内炎症发作可能导致 血液运输特性的长期或永久变化 眼屏障，因此，在眼内微环境中，从而 导致慢性单纯性青光眼、老花眼等疾病， 老年性白内障和黄斑囊样水肿。 更好地了解眼部刺激和炎症反应 这些反应中的物种差异不仅允许合理的 选择适用于人类眼部疾病的动物模型，但将 促进针对这些问题的手术和治疗方法的发展 疾病以及这些方法对兽医的适应 眼科。 更好地理解此类反应的机制 鉴于日益增长的需求，显然需要对它们进行控制 延长有用视力期限的复杂而积极的方法 在日益长寿的人群中。