RADIATION CATARACTOGENESIS

放射性白内障发生

• 批准号: 3256952
• 负责人: BASIL V WORGUL
• 金额: $ 30.71万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIV NEW YORK MORNINGSIDE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1978
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1978-09-01 至 1993-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3256952
• 关键词: X ray; autoradiography; cataract; cell differentiation; cell growth regulation; cellular pathology; chromosome disorders; cytogenetics; cytotoxicity; electron microscopy; epithelium; histochemistry /cytochemistry; histopathology; ionizing radiation; laboratory rat; linear energy transfer; longitudinal human study; microscopy; mutagens; particle beam; radiation dosage; radiation hazard; radiation sensitivity; radiobiology

The ERRL of Columbia University is a facility uniquely equipped and staffed to realize its long term commitment to: 1) Assess the cataractogenic risk to the lens from exposure to ionizing radiation. 2) Elucidate the mechanism by which radiation produces cataracts. 3) Exploit the similarity between experimental radiation cataracts and some types of human cataracts to gain insight into the nature of the cortical opacification in general. In adhering to that committment the proposed studies will involve a greater emphasis on lens damage from 450 MeV/amu iron (56Fe) ions. Inasmuch as 250 kVp X-rays will serve as the reference radiation throughout the studies the investigations will compliment previous inquiries into X-ray cataractogenesis. Following irradiation, rats will be followed for their lifespans using the Zeiss Scheimpflug Slit-lamp Imaging System. This will provide, for the first time, an ojbective, permanent and fully quantifiable record of radiation cataract development and thereby will reduce the ambiguity in the analysis of cataract data generated during this longitudinal study. The investigation will concentrate on the extent and mechanism of the enhancement of cataractogenic potential observed when doses of heavy particles are administered in fractions. The exacerbation of the cataractogenic effect is important, not only from the standpoint of safety, but also because it offers a means to address some fundamental aspects of the response of normal tissues to radiation. We plan to expand our investigations on the cellular basis of radiation cataract development and will concentrate on the target population, the lens epithelium. A number of parameters known to be affected by ionizing radiation will be fully assesssed using automated scanning photometry as a function of the dose, time post-irradiation and nature of the radiation. The determinations will include effects of the radiation on the cell cycle, DNA content, cell killing and mutagenesis. These data are critical to an understanding of the mechanism of radiation action on the lens in particular and normal tissue in general. The findings from the proposed studies will contribute greatly to our understanding of cortical cataractogenesiss of varying etiologies, including age, and will directly impact the assessement of radiation risk from radiation therapy, occupational exposure and in the space program.

哥伦比亚大学的Errl是一个设施独特的设施 并配备人员实现其长期承诺：1）评估 暴露于电离辐射的晶状体的白内生风险。 2）阐明辐射产生的机制 白内障。 3）利用实验之间的相似性 辐射白内障和某些类型的人白内障 一般来说，深入了解皮质无关的性质。 在 坚持这一承诺，拟议的研究将涉及 更强调450 MeV/AMU铁（56FE）的镜头损伤 离子。 250 kVp X射线将作为参考 整个研究中的辐射将调查 以前对X射线白内生生成的调查。 辐照后，将遵循大鼠使用的寿命 Zeiss scheimpflug缝隙灯灯成像系统。 这会 首次提供一个无情的，永久的和充分的 可量化白内障发育的可量化记录 将减少白内障数据分析中的歧义 在这项纵向研究中产生。 调查将 集中于增强的程度和机制 当剂量的重颗粒时观察到白内生潜力 以分数为单位。 加剧 白内生作用不仅重要，不仅是从角度来看 安全性，还因为它提供了一种解决一些方法的方法 正常组织对 辐射。 我们计划根据细胞基础扩大调查 辐射白内障发育，将集中于目标 人口，晶状体上皮。 许多参数已知 受电离辐射的影响将被充分评估 自动扫描光度法随剂量的函数，时间 辐射的辐射和性质。 确定 将包括辐射对细胞周期的影响，DNA 含量，杀伤和诱变。 这些数据至关重要 理解镜头上辐射作用的机制 通常，通常是正常的组织。 拟议研究的发现将极大地贡献 我们对各种皮质白内障的理解 病因，包括年龄，将直接影响评估 放射治疗，职业暴露的辐射风险 在太空计划中。