CLINICAL ASSESSMENT OF VISUAL ACUITY IN HUMAN INFANTS

该提案的目的是开发Teller的修改版， 强制选择优先观察（FPL）程序，以进行临床评估 的视觉敏锐度。 四种类型的研究正在进行中：1。 在实验室进行的临床相关研究。 实验室程序 用于测量5个月至3岁儿童的敏锐度， 开发了 这个过程被称为操作性优先注视（operant preferential looking，OPL）。 一 修改OPL程序，以便快速、有效地筛查 临床上看到的儿童的敏锐度将得到发展。 的改进装置 正在开发用于单眼测试的封闭一只眼睛。 这个封堵器将 用于FPL程序的幼儿和年龄较大的幼儿的单眼测试 婴儿和幼儿的OPL程序。2. 婴儿临床试验 设置. 该手术的临床实用性和 正在通过以下方式评估患者人群的初步实验室规范： 对在当地健康婴儿和高危婴儿诊所就诊的婴儿进行检测， 通过对一组患有唐氏综合症的婴儿的评估。 3.基本 实验室研究 敏锐度无系统性变化， 对于高于-0.3logCD/m2的亮度值发现亮度。 的测试 低于-0.3logcd/m2的亮度变化的影响正在进行中。 初始 散焦对婴儿敏锐度影响的研究结果表明， 婴儿比成人对光学模糊不敏感。 4. 装置 发展 计划建造一个摄影验光仪。 这 将允许所有参与视力测试的婴儿进行验光。

The purpose of this proposal is to develop a modification of Teller's forced-choice preferential looking (FPL) procedure, to allow clinical assessment of visual acuity in human infants. Four types of studies are in progress: 1. Clinically related studies conducted in the laboratory. A laboratory procedure for measurement of acuity of children between 5 months and 3 years of age has been developed. The procedure is called operant preferential looking (OPL). A modification of the OPL procedure that will allow quick, efficient screening of acuity of children seen clinically will be developed. An improved means of occluding one eye for monocular testing is being developed. This occluder will be used for monocular testing of young infants with the FPL procedure and older infants and toddlers with the OPL procedure. 2. Testing of infants in clinical settings. The clinical usefulness of the procedure and the applicability of preliminary laboratory norms to patient populations are being assessed through tests of infants seen at local well-baby and high-risk infant clinics and through assessment of a group of infants with Down's syndrome. 3. Basic laboratory studies. No systematic variation in acuity as a function of luminance was found for luminance values above -0.3 log cd/m2. Tests of the effects of variation in luminance below -0.3 log cd/m2 are in progress. Initial results of a study of the effects of defocus on infant acuity suggest that infants are less sensitive than adults to optical blur. 4. Apparatus development. Construction of an apparatus for photorefraction is planned. This will allow refraction of all infants who participate in acuity testing.