INFORMATION TRANSFER AND CONTRAST SENSITIVITY

信息传输和对比度灵敏度

• 批准号: 3259484
• 负责人: EHUD KAPLAN
• 金额: $ 20.25万
• 依托单位: ROCKEFELLER UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1984
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1984-09-01 至 1992-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3259484
• 关键词: Macaca; binocular vision; cats; cell type; color visions; corticofugal system; electrophysiology; interneurons; lateral geniculate body; luminescence; neural information processing; neural transmission; psychophysics; retina; retinal ganglion; sequential perception; single cell analysis; stimulus /response; visual feedback; visual perception; visual photosensitivity; visual stimulus

This proposal aims at a better understanding of the functional organization of the central visual pathways of mammals, and attempts to relate visual functions to neuronal populations in the primate. I will focus on two main problems: 1) What are the dynamic properties of the contrast gain control we recently discovered in the Lateral Geniculate Nucleus (LGN)? and 2) What is the neural substrate for the psychophysically determined luminance and color contrast sensitivities? The first question stems from the observations that the LGN is a dynamic filter of the incoming retinal information, and that its filtering (attenuation) of retinal input increases with stimulus contrast. This observation lead to a set of new experiments, in which the contrast of a pattern is modulated in time. I will record in anesthized and paralyzed cats and monkeys the responses of single LGN cells together with their retinal input (recorded as synaptic (S) potentials), and measure the time course with which the LGN adjusts its transmission ratio (LGN response/retinal response) following a step increase in contrast. The importance of temporal and spatial stimulus parameters, as well as that of retinal eccentricity and binocular interactions, will all be explored. The second question is stimulated by the observation that in the monkey LGN the parvocellular neuons (and their drives, the P cells) are much less sensitive to luminance contrast than the magnocellular neurons (or the retinal M cells), and by recent psychophysical work (Mullen, 1985) which compared the contrast sensitivity for color and luminance patterns in humans. I will establish which neuronal population could account for these results by measruing the responses of single P and M cells in the monkey LGN to both luminance and chromatic patterns. I will also measure the sensitivities of the receptor field center and periphery to luminance and color modulations, to uncover the reason for the unbounded increase in response to color stimuli with stimulus size, noted in the P cells, and the source of the difference in contrast gain between M and P cells. The results will shed light on the function of the M cells and P cells in primate vision.

该提案旨在更好地理解功能 哺乳动物中央视觉通路的组织，以及 尝试将视觉功能与神经元群联系起来 灵长类动物。 我将重点关注两个主要问题：1）什么是 我们最近的对比度增益控制的动态特性 在外侧膝状核（LGN）中发现？ 2) 什么 是心理物理学决定的神经基础 亮度和颜色对比度敏感度？ 第一个问题源于 LGN 是一个观察结果 传入视网膜信息的动态过滤器，并且其 视网膜输入的过滤（衰减）随着刺激而增加 对比。 这一观察导致了一系列新的实验 图案的对比度随时间进行调制。 我会 在麻醉和瘫痪的猫和猴子中记录 单个 LGN 细胞的反应及其视网膜输入 （记录为突触（S）电位），并测量时间进程 LGN 通过它调整其传动比（LGN 对比度逐步增加后的反应/视网膜反应）。 时间和空间刺激参数的重要性，如 以及视网膜偏心率和双眼相互作用，将 都值得探索。 第二个问题是由以下观察引发的： 猴子 LGN 细细胞神经元（及其驱动力，P 细胞）对亮度对比度的敏感度远低于 大细胞神经元（或视网膜 M 细胞），以及最近 心理物理工作（Mullen，1985）比较了对比 人类对颜色和亮度模式的敏感性。 我会 确定哪些神经元群可以解释这些 通过测量单个 P 和 M 细胞的反应来得出结果 猴子 LGN 到亮度和色彩模式。 我会 还测量受体场中心的灵敏度和 亮度和颜色调制的外围，以揭示 对颜色刺激的反应无限增加的原因 与 P 细胞中记录的刺激大小以及刺激来源有关 M 细胞和 P 细胞之间对比度增益的差异。 结果 将阐明 M 细胞和 P 细胞的功能 灵长类动物的视力。