ANATOMICAL STUDIES OF VISUAL AND SENSORY DEPRIVATION

视觉和感觉剥夺的解剖学研究

• 批准号: 3263859
• 负责人: DENNIS P O'LEARY
• 金额: $ 16.57万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1986
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1986-09-30 至 1988-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3263859
• 关键词: autoradiography; cerebral cortex; histochemistry /cytochemistry; immunochemistry; mammalian embryology; nervous system regeneration; neural plasticity; neuroanatomy; nonmammalian vertebrate embryology; retina; sensory deprivation; superior colliculus; sympathetic nervous system; vision; visual deprivation; visual pathways

The long term objectives of this work are to contribute to the elucidation of the structural organization and development of the vertebrate visual system and to clarify the changes that occur in it when it is deprived of its normal visual input. The studies we propose bear directly on the important issue of how the visual system is assembled during embryonic development and on the problems that may result from a variety of developmental abnormalities and from sensory deprivation. In the forthcoming grant period we propose specifically to examine the following: (i) The normal pattern of development of the avian optic tectum and its innervation by the retina, using 3H-thymidine autoradiographic and immunocytochemical techniques, monoclonal antibodies raised against tectal antigens, and a number of experimental manipulations including 180 degree rotation of the alar plate and/or midbrain, and the rerouting of the retinal input to the tectum. (ii) The capacity of the regenerated chick optic tectum for reorganization and morphological plasticity following early unilateral eye removal. (iii) The effects of sensory overloading on the chick tectum and the nucleum of origin of centrifugal fibers to the retina (the so-called isthmo optic nucleus-ION) induced by transplanting supernumerary eyes and producing "compound" eyes. (iv) The factors involved in the normal elimination of aberrant and exuberant retinal projections in chicks and hamsters, by early manipulations of the retina, optic nerve and optic tectum. (v) The factors responsible for the "guidance" of centrifugal axons to the chick retina and the fate of ectopic or misplaced centrifugal neurons. (vi) The regulation of naturally-occurring cell death in the retina and ION and especially the role of activity in the maintenance of neurons in these structures.

这项工作的长期目标是有助于阐明 脊椎动物视觉系统的结构组织和发展 系统，并澄清当它被剥夺时发生的变化。 正常的视觉输入。 我们提出的研究直接关系到 视觉系统如何在胚胎期组装的重要问题 发展和各种发展可能产生的问题， 发育异常和感觉剥夺。 在即将到来的资助期内，我们特别建议研究 以下内容： (i)鸟类视顶盖的正常发育模式及其对视皮层发育的影响 视网膜的神经支配，使用3 H-胸苷放射自显影和 免疫细胞化学技术，抗顶盖的单克隆抗体 抗原，以及一些实验操作，包括180度 椎板和/或中脑的旋转，以及 视网膜对顶盖的输入 (ii)再生鸡视顶盖的重组能力 和早期单侧眼球摘除后的形态可塑性。 (iii)感觉超负荷对雏鸡顶盖和皮层的影响 视网膜的离心纤维起源核（所谓的峡 视核-ION）诱导的多生眼移植， 产生“复眼”。 (iv)参与正常消除异常和 小鸡和仓鼠的视网膜投射旺盛， 视网膜、视神经和视顶盖的操作。 (v)负责离心轴突“引导”到 小鸡视网膜和异位或错位离心神经元的命运。 (vi)调节视网膜中自然发生的细胞死亡， 离子，特别是在维持神经元的活动中的作用， 这些结构。