THE VISCERAL NEURAXIS IN HOMEOSTASIS

体内平衡中的内脏神经轴

• 批准号: 3274989
• 负责人: RICHARD R MISELIS
• 金额: $ 21.02万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1980
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1980-09-25 至 1995-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3274989
• 关键词: autonomic nervous system; brain mapping; cholera toxin; eating; fluorescent dye /probe; gastrointestinal system; histochemistry /cytochemistry; homeostasis; hypothalamus; immunocytochemistry; innervation; laboratory rat; neural information processing; neuroanatomy; neuroendocrine system; neurogenic hypertension; neuropeptides; neuropsychology; obesity; peroxidases; psychobiology; schizophrenia; supraoptic nucleus; thirst regulatory center; vagus nerve; visceral afferent nerve; water drinking behavior

The visceral neuraxis of the mammalian brain is a network of neural connections that mediates the behavioral and physiological controls of homeostasis. It can be defined neuroanatomically by its connections to the autonomic nervous system, connections with circumventricular organs of the brain and connections to the major hypothalamic nuclei affecting endocrine function as well as by interconnections of intervening nuclei. The circumventricular organs, which lack a blood brain barrier making them putative central receptor sites for humoral factors affecting visceral function, and the visceral afferents (chemoreceptors, baroreceptors and mechanoreceptors) of the peripheral nervous system make up the sensory side of the network. The motor components are the autonomic nervous system, endocrine system and homeostatic behavior. The long term objectives of this project are to define and understand the operation of the components of the visceral neuraxis contributing to the generation of ingestive behaviors and specific behavioral states and the factors which convert them into health damaging behaviors or states that accompany obesity, schizophrenia, hypertension, psychogenic polydipsia, stress ulcers, and essential hypernatremia. The first specific objective is to complete the viscerotopic mapping and immunocytochemical characterization of the brainstem's innervation of organs of the alimentary canal. Neuroanatomical studies (single and double labeling) at the light and electron microscopic level will be done using conjugates, particularly cholera toxin, of horseradish peroxidase, fluorescent dyes, dye tagged lectins, toxins and antibodies to neuropeptides. The goal is to determine how incoming visceral afferent information is routed and modified by neuropeptides for local control of viscera and for influencing behavior. The second goal is to determine at the ultrastructural level how gastric afferents which presumably play a role in satiation distribute to neurons that project up the visceral neuraxis and to neurons that remain connected locally. The third goal is to determine at the ultrastructural level using a double labeling technique how descending projections from the hypothalamus to the vagal complex influence the input and processing of visceral afferent information through the visceral neuraxis for use in behavior. The fourth goal is to determine the effects of microlesioning pathways and terminal field sites of new projections from the subfornical organ on drinking behavior and renal function in response to thirst challenges.

哺乳动物大脑的内脏神经轴是一个神经网络。 调节行为和生理控制的连接 动态平衡。在神经解剖学上，它可以通过它与 自主神经系统，与脑室周围器官的联系 脑和影响内分泌的下丘脑主要核团的联系 以及通过中间核的相互连接来发挥作用。这个 室周器官，缺乏血脑屏障，使它们 影响内脏的体液因子的推测中枢受体位置 功能和内脏传入(化学感受器、压力感受器和 周围神经系统的机械感受器)构成感觉侧 网络的一部分。运动的组成部分是自主神经系统， 内分泌系统和动态平衡行为。的长期目标 这个项目是为了定义和理解组件的操作 内脏神经轴参与了进食的产生 行为和特定的行为状态及其转化因素 与肥胖相伴的损害健康的行为或状态， 精神分裂症、高血压、心因性多饮、应激性溃疡和 特发性高钠血症。第一个具体目标是完成 大鼠内脏定位和免疫细胞化学特征 脑干对消化道器官的神经支配。神经解剖学 光镜和电子显微镜的研究(单标和双标) 水平将使用结合物，特别是霍乱毒素， 辣根过氧化物酶、荧光染料、染料标记的凝集素、毒素和 神经肽的抗体。目标是确定传入的 内脏传入信息由神经肽传递和修饰 对内脏进行局部控制，并影响行为。第二个目标是 在超微结构水平上确定胃如何传入 可能在饱腹感分布到向上投射的神经元中起作用 内脏神经轴和保持局部连接的神经元。这个 第三个目标是在超微结构水平上使用双重 标记技术如何从下丘脑向下丘脑投射 迷走神经复合体对内脏传入传入和加工的影响 通过内脏神经轴传递的信息用于行为。第四次 目的是确定微损伤通路和终末的影响 穹隆下器对饮酒的新投射的现场位置 应对口渴挑战的行为和肾功能。